190 ON SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. 



11. GLOSSATA. (Lepidoptera L.) Mouth with a spiral tongue 

 between reflected palpi. 



12. RYNGATA. (Hemiptera~L.} Mouth with a rostrum having 

 a jointed sheath. 



13. ANTLIATA. (Diptera L. Anoplura, Leach. Trachean 

 Arachnidce, #c.) Mouth with an haustellum without 



joints. 



(242.) fe In estimating the value of the above system, 

 we must hear in mind/' observe Kirby and Spence, 

 cc that, according to the statement of its author, it was 

 intended to be partly artificial and partly natural ; that 

 is, artificial as to its classes and orders, but natural 

 as to its genera, species, and varieties." * Whatever 

 were the intentions of the author, his system, founded 

 in all its parts upon the minute organs of the mouth, is, 

 of all others, the most artificial, the most difficult, and 

 the most discouraging and repulsive to the student. So 

 that whatever merits belong to Fabricius in other re- 

 spects, there is great truth in the opinion generally en- 

 tertained of his system; namely, that it retarded, instead 

 of advanced, the progress of entomological science. 



(243.) The system of the celebrated Latreille, whose 

 recent loss we so much deplore, soon superseded that of 

 Fabricius. It possesses the advantage of being founded 

 on a consideration of the entire structure of these 

 animals ; and hence gives us the first example, in theory, 

 of the natural principle of classification. To show in 

 what manner this principle is applied, we shall copy his 

 distribution of insects, given in his last work.f The 

 first divisions of the whole class are three ; viz. Crus- 

 tacea, ArachnidtB, and Insecta ; each of which is again 

 subdivided as follows : 



I. CRUSTACEA. 



1. Malacostraca. 

 a. Decapoda. 

 Brachyura. 

 Macraura. 



b. Stomapoda. 



Unipeltata. 

 Bipeltata. 



c. Amphipoda. 



d. Laemodipoda. 



* Int to Ent. vol. iv. p. 452. f Rfegne Animal, Sd^ed. 



