220 ON SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. 



disposed around it. No attempt,, however, is made to 

 show that there are seven primary divisions in the 

 animal kingdom, or in the division of Annulosa ; but 

 the order of Lepidoptera is selected as more especially 

 containing seven groups ; and to the same number, of 

 course, our author restricts the class of Insecta. The chief 

 object which Mr. Newman seems to have in view, is that 

 of connecting the six minor divisions with the seventh or 

 typical one, which he places in the centre. A glance 

 at his table of the classes of Insecta will enable the ex- 

 perienced entomologist to decide at once how far he 

 has been successful in this effort. The Neuroptera is 

 his central circle, round which he places the following 

 genera: 1. Mantispa ; 2. Psocus ; 3. Psyche; 4. 

 Clo'eon ; 5. Termes ; and the 6. he states as unknown. 

 These, then, are neuropterous genera : let us now see 

 how they are supposed to be connected with the other 

 orders ; or, as they are termed, the classes of insects. 



1. Mantispa passes into the Orthoptera by Mantis. 



2. Psocus Hemiptera Aphis. 



3. Psyche Lepidoptera Tinea. 



4. Clo'eon Diptera Chironomus. 



5. Termes Hymenoptera Formica. 



6. Coleoptera unknown. 



(270.) The Neuroptera are defined in these words : 

 " Class J. Central, partaking of the characters of all the 

 others." (p. 27.) In what manner these insects form a 

 circle of their own, so that Mantispa is connected to 

 Psocus Psocus to Psyche Psyche to Clo'eon 

 Clo'eon to Termes and by what link of affinity we are 

 again to reach Mantispa, after leaving Termes, is not 

 mentioned. The [mode in which the external orders 

 or classes are connected, the author has not explained ; 

 how, for instance, we can pass from the Lepidoptera 

 to the Diptera, and so on ? The diagram of the sub- 

 classes of Lepidoptera is a little more filled up. Here 

 we find Papilio p assing on one side into Geometra 

 by means of Leilus, Sw. (Urania, Fab.) and Ouropteryx, 

 Leach. The union of Papilio with the Bombyces is 



