688 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



sonally, I have met with this 

 bird only once on its range, 

 and that was in southern 

 Alabama many years ago. 

 I failed to collect it as it 

 flew too high above me to 

 be brought down by the 

 simultaneous shots I fired at 

 it of No. 13's from a double- 

 barreled shotgun. Several 

 years later I had the satis- 

 faction of publishing a full 

 illustrated account of its 

 skeleton, to the best of my 

 recollection using a speci- 

 men collected by Chapman 

 in Florida. 



Ivory-bills usually nest 

 high up in cypress trees, 

 making a deep excavation 

 with an oval entrance, and 

 its clutch of eggs rarely ex- 

 ceeds five in number. 



The constant loud calls 



WOODPECKERS' TONGUES 



Fig. 7. Upper figure represents the superior view of the 

 skull of our Golden-winged Woodpecker, in which species 

 the tongue passes forwards in a median groove on the surface 

 of the cranium, to enter the right nostril and extends forwards 

 to end of bill. In still another genera (Picus, lower figure) 

 the tongue curves around the top of the skull and surrounds 

 the orbit in front, as shown. Only the bones are represented 

 here, the muscles and other structures having been removed. 

 Partly diagrammatic, and drawn by the author from speci- 

 mens in his own collection. 



and noisy notes made by this 

 grand bird may be heard al 

 long distances as they re- 

 sound through the dense cy- 

 press swamps, where it re- 

 sides in comparative safety. 

 It is one of the most useful 

 of all the woodpeckers, in 

 so far as it destroys millions 

 of grubs and borers that in- 

 fest the trees of the forests 

 throughout its range. And 

 why the species is becoming 

 scarcer and scarcer every 

 year is hard to tell, as they 

 are seldom shot by gunners, 

 for they keep well out of 

 the way of all the usual 

 bird destroyers. It is a 

 great pity, for it is one of 

 the most magnificent inhab- 

 itants of the great forest 

 areas of the Southern states, 

 and the bird lovers of that 



WILLIAMSON'S SAPSUCKER 



Fig. 8. This curious species occurs in the forest districts of the mountains of western North America and southern British 

 Columbia. Southward, it extends to New Mexico, southern Arirona, and California. During the winter months it may be found 

 m the timbered districts of Mexico, western Texas, and lower California. Photographed by the author. Courtesy of the United 

 .States National Museum _ . ._ _... 



