WOOD OLDER THAN THE HILLS 



93 



glacier, where the ice melted, it deposited a great amount 

 of soil, which had become mixed with the ice in its 

 journey southward. 



This lower deposit at Woodville is designated as the 

 pre-Kansan drift. The time came when the lower end of 

 the glacier melted faster than it could move, and conse- 

 quently the terminal margin receded northward, allowing 

 vegetation and even trees to encroach upon the deposit. 

 The fact that the wood which was found is spruce, how- 

 ever, indicates that a moderately cool climate prevailed, 

 for even now this species is confined chiefly to the north- 

 ern latitudes and high altitudes. 



Later, probably some 500,000 years ago, the climate 

 again became cooler, allowing another glacier to come 

 down. The forest was destroyed and buried under a 

 mass of ice and gravel. Again the glacier was melted 

 and deposited a deep layer of soil, forming the Kansan 

 drift, on top of the remains of the forest. Long after 

 the Kansan drift was deposited on the forest bed a third 

 glacier descended and later receded, depositing the 

 Illinoian drift. 



These theories may seem "far fetched" to those who 

 have not studied the formation of our land areas, but to 

 the geologist they offer the only logical explanation of 

 present conditions. At the present time in Alaska some 

 glaciers are slowly pushing their huge ice masses along 

 to the utter destruction of all forests and other plant life 

 in their path. Other glaciers are being melted faster 

 than they can advance, and, consequently, their terminals 

 are receding and depositing large masses of earth and 



stones. 



HOW BIRDS PLANT TREES 



DR. M. W. BLACKMAN, Professor of Forest 

 Entomology, Dr. L. H. Pennington, Professor of 

 Forest Botany and Dr. C. C. Adams, Professor 

 of Forest Zoology in the New York State College of 

 Forestry at Syracuse University attended the meetings of 

 the American Association for the Advancement of 

 Science held at Columbus, Ohio. Dr. Adams, while there, 

 read a paper before the Wilson Ornithological Club on 

 the relation of birds to the Adirondack forest vegetation. 

 He spoke of the damage done by sap suckers to aspen, 

 yellow birch, beech, hemlock, etc. He brought out the 

 fact that much burned over land is planted through the 

 action of birds in carrying certain seeds ; especially is this 

 true of bird cherry. This bird cherry forms a temporary 

 cover on otherwise barren soil, preventing erosion and 

 acting as a nurse crop for future forest trees. The 

 Ecological Society of America was organized, Dr. Adams 

 acting on the organization committee. One hundred 

 botanists and zoologists are charter members of the 

 society. , 



SAMPLE COPIES OF AMERICAN FORESTRY 



MK.M BERS of the American Forestry Association 

 having friends interested in trees, woodlands 

 and forests are urged to send their names to 

 the association and a sample copy of the magazine, 

 American Forestry, will be sent to them with the com- 

 pliments of the member. 



THE COWLED MONK 



THE human face is found in many natural rock 

 carvings in different parts of the world, and almost 

 western State has one or more of these natural 

 statues, carved so perfectly by the action of the elements 

 as to be startling in their expressions. Perhaps none is 

 more striking than the "Monk's Head," in Coony Can- 



Phtograph by Searle, U. S. Geol. Survey. 



THE COWLED MONK 

 There are hundreds of rock- faces in the United States, but perhaps none 

 is more striking than that of the Cowled Monk in Coony Canyon, 

 New Mexico. 



yon, New Mexico, a freak of nature that brings out in 

 clear profile a man's face, with the head appearing to be 

 hooded. The figure is of giant proportions, and at a 

 little distance, sharply outlined against the sky, it seems 

 impossible that it is not the work of some ancient people 

 who may have wrought upon it with crude tools, yet 

 obtaining a singularly strong and virile expression of 

 countenance. Fantastic tales are told by the New Mexico 

 Indians concerning the origin of this rock head, and at 

 one time it was believed to have been worshiped by the 

 natives of the Southwest. The photograph was taken by 

 Engineer A. B. Searle, of the United States Geological 



Survey. 



KENTUCKY'S FORESTRY BUILDING 



STATE FORESTER J. E. BARTON, of Kentucky, 

 has inaugurated a plan for the erection of a perma- 

 nent forestry building on the State fair grounds, 

 the building to be erected of wood donated by the tim- 

 ber interests of the State. His plans call for the ex- 

 terior to be of the rustic wood and the interior showing 

 the grain of the various woods. He has met with splendid 

 encouragement and the building is practically assured. 



