182 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



terested and very active in the protection 

 of game and all kinds of wild life and 

 the movement has lost a strong friend. 

 All who knew Mr. Hall admired and 

 loved him and his loss will be deeply 

 felt. 



The annual meeting of the Canadian 

 Forestry Association was held in the 

 Chateau, Frontenac, Quebec, on the third 

 of February, and Mr. Ussher, of the Cana- 

 dian Pacific Railway, was elected president. 



Major-General J. B. White, of the 

 Canadian Forestry Corps, was elected 

 chairman of the Woodlands Section of the 

 Canadian Pulp and Paper Association. 



Mr. F. I. Ritchie, of the Wayagamac 

 Pulp and Paper Company, was elected 

 chairman of the Quebec Forest Protective 

 Association. 



Major Daniel Owen, President of the 

 North American Securities Company, Ltd., 

 who instituted and directed an airplane 

 survey of timber lands in Labrador, says 

 that for a rapid survey of forest lands 

 the airplane photographs are very valuable. 

 His method was as follows : to select a lot 

 of two to three hundred acres and make a 

 ground cruise, then to photograph this from 

 the air. Photographs of other areas would 

 then be made and compared with the ones 

 of the ground-cruised area. The correct- 

 ness of the method was proved by photo- 

 graphing unchecked areas and estimating 

 them from the photographs and then 

 checking on the ground. In every instance 

 in which this was done, the air estimate 

 was within ten to fifteen per cent of the 

 ground estimate and was just as likely to 

 be under as over in amount. The greatest 

 difficulty encountered was in getting the 

 approximate height of the trees. The 

 majority of the photographs were taken at 

 1000 feet and whenever possible a cruiser 

 was sent up as observer. About fourteen 

 thousand photographs were taken cover- 

 ing the entire property. The property had 

 been cruised for three years on the ground 

 but Major Owen says that far more in- 

 formation of value was obtained in three 

 weeks of flying than in the whole three 

 years of ground work. His conclusion 

 from his experience is, that an airplane 

 photographic survey will show with abso- 

 lute certainty the minimum amount of 

 timber. 



The Laurentide Company has had a 

 party in the woods checking up aerial 

 photographs, and so far the work proves 

 Major Owen's contentions. This work 

 will continue in the endeavor to work out 

 a legend for reading aerial timber photo- 

 graphs. During the coming season this 

 company expects to photograph several 

 thousand square miles of its timber hold- 

 ings. It has also adopted a definite re- 

 forestation policy and will plant up four 

 to five hundred square miles in spruce at 

 the rate of two square miles per annum 

 for the next two years, increasing to four 

 or five square miles per annum. 



Captain L. M. Ellis, a graduate of the 

 University of Toronto Forestry School, 

 who worked with the Laurentide Company 

 and the C. P. R. Forestry Service, and 

 during the war with the Canadian Forestry 

 Corps, has been appointed Chief Forester 

 of New Zealand. 



Captain H. R. Christie, returning from 

 military service in Siberia, has been ap- 

 pointed Assistant Provincial Forester of 

 British Columbia. 



The British Columbia Forestry Service 

 has reorganized and the salaries have been 

 increased. This will set the pace for all 

 other forestry organizations in Canada 

 and will tend strongly to attract and hold 

 able men. 



Captain John Lafon, a Biltmore man, 

 formerly with the British Columbia For- 

 estry Branch, has accepted a very remu- 

 nerative position in charge of logging for 

 the Indian Forest Service. 



R. D. Craig, assisted by Major G. H. 

 Edgecombe and Lieutenant V. A. Gilbert, 

 is engaged in a survey of the forest re- 

 sources of Ontario for the Commission of 

 Conservation. 



H. R. MacMillan, ex-Provincial Forester 

 of British Columbia, ex-Trade-Commis- 

 sioner for the Department of Trade and 

 Commerce, has formed the H. R. Mac- 

 Millan Timber Export Company with 

 headquarters at Vancouver. W. J. Van- 

 Dusen, has resigned from the British Col- 

 umbia Forest Branch to join this new firm. 



The forest survey of New Brunswick, 

 under G. H. Prince, is progressing well. 

 Thirty per cent of the area of the Crown 

 timber lands have been covered to date. 

 He has also consolidated scaling, fire pro- 

 tection, fish and game protection and for- 

 est administration under one organization. 

 The elimination of patronage has also been 

 brought about by the introduction of civil 

 service methods through an advisory board. 



GOVERNMENT TIMBER FOR LOCAL 



USE 

 A TOTAL of 30,000,000 feet of Govern- 

 ment stumpage directly adjacent to 

 Loyalton and Sierraville, Sierra county, 

 has just been withdrawn from the general 

 market and will be held for purely local 

 demand, according to a bulletin from the 

 Forest Service. 



"The timber situation in the vicinity of 

 Loyalton and Sierraville is rapidly becom- 

 ing acute," said Assistant District Forester 

 T. D. Woodbury, in commenting on the 

 action of the Forest Service. "Compara- 

 tively large mills are now and have for 

 some time been cutting in this vicinity, but 

 practically all the lumber so cut goes to 

 the general market only. 



"A large part of the timber in this locality 

 is in private ownership and it is probable 

 that most, if not all, of this private 

 stumpage will continue to be shipped out 

 of the country. In order, therefore, that 



the future needs of these two towns and 

 the adjacent Sierra Valley may be assured, 

 we have decided to withhold this amount 

 of Government stumpage from general sale 

 and reserve it for local needs only. 



"In addition, the Forest Service will 

 henceforth refuse to allow logable, sound, 

 saw timber in this locality to be used for 

 firewood, even for local consumption. This 

 will work no hardship, since there is plenty 

 of limb wood, which is good fuel, easily 

 available, which, by arranging with operat- 

 ing companies, can be obtained free by local 

 residents. Under such circumstances it 

 would be economically unsound to allow 

 saw timber to be used for firewood." 



TREE HISTORY PRESERVED 

 "DLANS to preserve the history of every 

 species of tree known throughout the 

 world have been announced by Professor 

 Charles S. Sargent, head of the Arnold 

 Arboretum, of Harvard University, which 

 has established the most complete collec- 

 tion of trees and shrubs in America, the 

 finest library in its special field and a 

 herbarium of 200,000 specimen!. 



Profesor Sargent, whso has accompanied 

 explorations throughout North America and 

 the Far East, declares that if the alumni 

 provide the funds necessary to carry on 

 the work, the arboretum will purchase more 

 land, make new explorations and bring into 

 the parks of America many more new trees 

 and rare shrubs. The arboretum was 

 founded in 1874, and is considered among 

 specialists to be the most important institu- 

 tion of its kind in the world. 



RECEIPTS FROM NATIONAL 

 FORESTS 



"DECEIPTS from the National Forests 

 in the fiscal year 1919 were greater 

 by $783,484.79 than in the previous year. 

 This is the largest increase ever made in 

 a single year. The receipts totaled 

 $4,358,414.86. 



To this total the grazing business con- 

 tributed $2,609,169.85, the timber business 

 $1,540,099.96, special uses (i. e., the occu- 

 pancy of lands for miscellaneous purposes), 

 $136,822.99, and use for water power de- 

 velopment, $72,322.06. The receipts from 

 grazing exceeded those of 1918 by $883,- 

 347.91, while the receipts from timber de- 

 clined $93,549.46. Special uses showed a 

 gain of $15,615.05, and water power a 

 falling off of $21,654.29. 



DURABILITY OF GREEN TIMBER 



HPHAT there is practically no difference 

 in the relative durability of green 

 timber and seasoned timber when untreated 

 and exposed to the weather and in con- 

 tact with the ground, has been establish- 

 ed by recent experiments conducted by the 

 Forest Products Laboratory in connection 

 with the manufacture of poles, posts or 

 ties. 



