FORESTRY, LIVESTOCK AND CUT-OVER LANDS OF THE SOUTH 



301 



rosin based on the following actual figures for operating 



ten acres: 



1,000 cups and gutter lines $100.00 



Three-year lease on this amount of timber 100.00 



Labor for installing 10.00 



Labor for working one season 71.25 



6.00 



25.00 



Stilling amount gum gathered. 

 Spirit barrels and rosin barrels. 



Total cost of operating ten acres one season. 



$312.25 



pany, for the Louisiana Experiment Station at Urania, 

 Louiasana. Mr. Hardtner puts forth the following ledger 

 account of the business on a cut-over tract of fifteen 

 hundred acres: 



1,500 acres at $4.00 per acre $6,000 



150 head of cattle 4,500 



Barn 500 



Roads 100 



Fences 1,750 



LkJjL. 



r- 





*v ' *~'<- 



Jp^~ 



Total investment $12,850 



ANNUAL COST OF OPERATIONS 



Supervision 



Taxes 



Interest at 7 per cent on investment 

 Winter feed for cattle. 



$300 

 150 

 900 

 900 



Total $2,250 



ANNUAL RETURNS 



Sale of fifty head cattle. . . 

 Sale of fifty cords of wood. 



$2,000 

 250 



USE OF CUT OVER LANDS 



Cut over lands of practically no value are made valuable when used by sheep for grazing, as 

 is this land of the Southern Lumber Company in Louisiana. 



A low estimate of the yield per year for operating 

 these ten acres would be: Three barrels of turpentine 

 worth $225, and ten barrels of rosin worth $250, or a 

 total of $475. This would give a profit of $162.25 f r tne 

 first year. The yield of the next two 

 years would not be so large, but as there 

 would be no lease charges for those two 

 years the net profit would be equal to the 

 first year. From these figures a profit 

 of $50 per acre for the three-year period 

 is apparent and this added to the pulp 

 wood gives a profit of nearly five dollars 

 per acre per year throughout the pulp 

 wood rotation of twenty-one years. 



In the meantime what has become of 

 our one thousand head of cattle. Has 

 the reforestation of the six thousand 

 acres lessened their pasturage? Here 

 again only an actual experiment can give 

 the desired information. But it seems 

 probable that the first third and the last 

 third of this period of twenty-one years 

 would furnish open space enough for 

 good pasturage and that probably the 

 intermediate third might be too shady for the best pas- 

 turage unless some shade loving grass is found to keep 

 an even pasturage throughout the whole rotation. 



As to the profits of the cattle industry thus conducted 

 there are no available figures. The nearest approach to 

 anything of the kind are the experiments conducted by 

 Mr. Henry E. Hardtner, of the Urania Lumber Corn- 



Total $2,250 



Using these figures as a basis we 

 should have to sell from the herd of one 

 thousand annually three hundred head, 

 and at $40 per head, this would give a 

 gross return of $12,000, or a net annual 

 profit of $3,900 on a herd of one thou- 

 sand head. 



The third method of utilizing these 

 cut-over lands on the Coastal Plain is as 

 farm lands for cattle farms where the food is grown for 

 the cattle by cultivation of the soil as distinct from the 

 ranch method of southern Florida where native forage 

 supplies the food. Mr. D. J. Renfroe, of Thomasville, 



EXPERIMENT FARM OF S. W. COLONIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT COMPANY 



Hampshire pigs raised on fenced pine land with oats for winter grazing, will be fattened 

 on peanuts and hardened on corn. Jasper County, Texas. 



Georgia, is the most conspicuously successful of the cattle 

 farmers on the Coastal Plain. When he began his ex- 

 periments a few years ago, these open old field lands 

 around Thomasville could be bought for ten dollars per 

 acre. Today the price of the same type of lands in that 

 locality is forty dollars per acre, due largely to Mr. Ren- 

 froe's success in cattle farming. Mr. Renfroe got his 



