PART I. 

 GENERAL REPORT. 



A. General Aspect of the Coitntry, its Geologicai, akd Olimatological Features 



IN connection with the Flora. 



1. Sfiorf topographical sketch of Pegu. 



Pegu, as understood in this report, comprises the whole of the country lying between the 

 Irrawaddi, or Tharawaddi, and the Sittang rivers, and extends from the seashore northwards 

 to the frontier of Ava. Virtually it extends into Ava ; but that northern portion is not in- 

 cluded in my present report. It consists, therefore, politically, of parts of Pegu, Prome 

 Martaban, and other districts. 



Geographically the country extends from N. Lat. 16 to nearly 19 i, and from 

 E. Long. 95^ to 97, having a length of about 210 miles, and a breadth varying from 60 to 80 

 miles. The area comprises about 15,600 square miles, of which hardly one twenty-fifth 

 part is under cultivation. 



The Pegu Yomah (so called to distinguish it from the Arracan Yomnh or Yeomatong) 

 runs nearly S. and N. parallel with the Irrawaddi and Sittang rivers, forming the watershed 

 between these two rivers as far as Lat. 183. Here the main range divides into two the one 

 forming the watershed between the Irrawaddi and Pazwoondoung rivers, and the other 

 between the Pegu and Sittang rivers. The hill range itself begins at Rangoon, but branches 

 of hardly perceptible elevation are also met with in the delta : as for instance, those at Syriam 

 pagoda and the Twon-tay-Kon-don, south of Shan-soo-gyee. These hills are surrounded on 

 all sides by low lands, except towards the north, where they expand all over the country to the 

 banks of the Irrawaddi, as well as to those of the Sittang. It is a very rugged, but low 

 range, dividing in all directions into numerous spurs, which again are intersected by steep 

 Talleys and ravines. The highest tops are the Kambala toung (north) of about 3200 feet 

 elevation, and the Kyouk-pyoo, perhaps a hundred feet higher. The average height of the 

 main ranges varies from lOOO to 2000 feet, occasionally rising to 2,500 feet. The southern 

 extremities, as well as the parts on the head waters of the Pannyo-gyee and Khayeugmathay 

 choungs, are much lower than 1000 feet. 



The principal rivers, besides the Irrawaddi and Sittang, are the Pegu river, with the 

 Pazwoon-doun-choung, and the Hlein river. These two latter rivers, and all the streams 

 that flow into the Irrawaddi and Sittang, rise in the Pegu Yomah. 



The principal streams falling into the Irrawaddi (enumerated from the north) are the 

 following : 



1. The Paday choung with its feeders : the Khyoung Koung gyee (called in its lower 

 course Bhot-hlyee choung) and the Naweng choung, of which the Myouk-naweng, Choung- 

 souk and Toung-naweng are the principal feeders . 



The Hlein river, is a peculiar river running parallel with the Irrawaddi, of which it has 

 apparently been some time ago (and is still to a certain degree) a branch, in the same way, 

 as the Hooghly is only a branch of the Gauges. The upper part of the Hlein river is called 

 Myitmakha choung, and has its sources in the low hills of the Prome District. It receives 

 feeders only from the east, and these are the following : 



The Suaylay, Toung-nyo, Myoung, Mengla, Beeling, Thonsay, Okkan, Magyee and 

 Mayzelee choungs. 



The streams that flow eastward into the Sittang, are the Hswa choung with the Theing, 

 Longyan and Sabyeng choungs as principal feeders. 



2. The Khabouug stream with numerous feeders, as the Panbay, the two Choungmenahs, 

 Kyetsha, Myouk-nway, Hnget-pyoo, Sean-yay and Thabyay choungs. 



3. The Pyoo Choung. 



4. The Koon choung, with the Khayeng-mathay-choung. 



5. The Tonkan choung 



6. The Yay-uway choung, with the Pean choung. 



7. The Bheiugda choung. 



