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Aneilemn nudi/forum and ochrnceum, Burmannlajuncea, Mitramcme Indica, Urcna, Agcratum 

 conyzoidcs, Triumfetta angulata, Oshcckin chinmsis, Geissaspis cristata, Butomm lanceolafus, a 

 prostrate Hydrolea, and amongst others chiefly such as I have mentioned as occurring along 

 the banks of alluvial rivers. 



The fields on lands situated higher up soon parch up and become cracked in all direc- 

 tions with the increasing dryness and heat of the liot season. Other plants then make their 

 appearance, of which the following are the chief : Coldenia procuinbens, VandelHa Crustacea, 

 Polygonum elegnns, Crozophora plicnta, Dentclla repens in sheltered fissures, Scopnria dulcis, 

 Lippia nodiflora ; Gnaphalhmi crispatulum, Microrhynchus a.yih'nifolius, HemiadelpJm polys- 

 perma, Sphaeranthus hirtus ; Grangea maderaKpatuna, Athroiama laeiniatum, and a few 

 scattered grasses, like Dactyloctenium, Ghrysopogon nciculatus, Andropogon perlmum, Gynodon 

 etc., which during this period must give a scanty pasturage to cattle. 



In the dry Prome zone not a few other plants appear together with the above, Such as 

 Monenteks spicatus, Sp/iaeranthus amarantoides, Psoraica coryli/oiia, etc, 



2. Village-vegetation. 



If I speak here of the vegetation of villages and of native gardens, I do not intend to 

 give a picture of a Burmese village, with its trees, shrubberies, and gardens. It is not neces- 

 sary for me to describe the houses of the Burmans, wliioh are so like those of the Javanese, 

 that the similarity of these two nations in their household, in their character and cloth- 

 ing, becomes still more striking to one who has lived amongst both. I have only to note 

 what trees, shrubs, and other plants, are generally seen here, and how they grow. 



Many perhaps may object to the inclusion under this head of the vegetation of waste 

 places etc., but any one who examines the neglected gardens of Burma will find no great differ- 

 ence between them and waste places ; in fact, I have made this division a sort of lumber- 

 room, in which I may collect all that does not appear to me sufficiently important to deserve 

 special consideration. 



a. Native gardens, waste places, etc. I begin with native gardens, because they shew 

 the greatest resemblance to agrarian lands treated in the former section, and are, at the same 

 time, often nothing but toungyas on a smaller scale. The gardens of the Burmans rarely 

 deserve the name, and are best compared with Kitchen-gardens, wherein vegetables are 

 grown along with a few favourite flowers or medicinal plants. 



All the plants, that are foimd in toungyas, are also here represented, and it would be 

 idle to sum up again the plants already enumerated when treating of agrarian lands. 



In the Eangoon district we meet with extensive gardens of bananas (nanat), which are 

 chiefly raised in shady orchards of Jack-trees, and beautifully they grow there on the laterite, 

 for it is this formation which produces also in Singapore and Banca the most delicious fruit. 



The Burmans usually plant in such gardens a few of their favourite plants and flowers in 

 a single row, or in a few rows, before their houses. Such plants are chiefly Ocymum sanctum 

 (pein zein) ; ElahoUzia hlanda (yoon boay) ; Celosia cristata, yellow variety (Kyemoukwa) 

 and purple variety (Kye man) ; Cassia alata (thin bou mayzelee) ; sometimes Acorus Cala- 

 mus (len hae) ; Carina Lulica (budda tharana) ; Pardanthus Chinemis (that sa) ; Plumbago 

 Zeylanica (Ken-khyouk-phyoo) and P. rosea (Kangyoup nee) Gendirussa vulgaris (bawa-net) ; 

 Vinca rosea (themban ma hnyo ban) ; Gomphrena globosa (mo nhyo) ; Mirabilis Jaliipn, diverse 

 varieties (myae zu) ; Quamoclit pinnatum (myat Ise nee) ; Datura alba, and Tatula ; Pussi- 

 flora (a-tha-wadee) ; Clitoria ternatea (bu-gyee) ; Impatiens Bnkamina (pan-sheet) ; Bryo- 

 phyllum pinnatum (ywet-kya-pen-pouk) ; Zinnia ; Graptophylliim pictuin ; Pyrethrum Indi- 

 cum, Titgetes ; Coreopsis ; and others. Of shrubs and little trees we see frequently Nyctanthcs 

 arbor tristis (hseik-baloo) ; Hibiscus rosa Sinensis (Khoung-yan) ; Lngerstroemia Indica ; 

 Quisqualis Indica (daway-hmaing) ; Rosa centifolia (hnen hsee) ; Calotropsis gigantea (ma-yo) ; 

 Morinda citrifoliu (nyan gyee) ; Allamanda cathartica (pha-young-beu) ; Calpicarpiun liox- 

 burghii (sa-lat) ; Cassia glauca, Cassia alata (mayzeleegyee) ; Vitex trifolia ; looora Bandhuca, 

 etc. ; Hamelia, Nerium odorum ; Cordyline atropurpurea, Cuesalpinia palcherrima (doung- 

 souk) ; LaiOioni'i inermis, (dan) ; Pandanus odoratissimus (tsattapoo) ; and some others. 



The Karens, too, are fond of certain flowers, and in most of the toungyas, often situated 

 in the remotest out-of-the-way corners of the Pegu Yomah, are seen especially Celosia cris- 

 tata, Gomplirena, Tagetes, Plumbago, etc. 



In European gardens, and in those of more wealthy Burmans, are often seen a number of 

 European vegetables, such as Cichorium Endivia, Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea and liapa 

 (chiefly Kol and Kolrabi), Baucus Carota, Beta vulgtris, Spinacia oleracea, Pisuni satituin 

 and such like. These thrive well here during the cold and hot season, especially in the 

 drier districts like Prome. Potatoes have also become a favourite object of cultivation with 

 Europeans. Major Lloyd informed me that in the Sittang valley of his district (Tounghoo) any 

 amount of potatoes can be raised for the supply of the Commissariat Department. I consider 

 it out of the scope of this report to dwell upon the ornamental plants and trees, introduced 

 and cultivated by Europeans. 



