8 



or 4 nutfl. Albumen none or scanty. Trees or shrubs, or hispid herbs with usually 

 alternate leaves. 



Convoliulaccae. Gorolla-limb folded in the bud. Ovary of 2 to 4 cells or carpels, with 

 1 or 2 erect ovules in each. Style simple or 2-branched, or 2 distinct styles. Fruit 

 capsular or succulent and indeliiscent. Seeds with little or no albumen. Cotyle- 

 dons much folded (or incon8[)icuous in Cuxcuta). Herbs or shrubs, often climbing, 

 rarely trees or leafless parasitic twiners. Leaves alternate. 



Solaneae. Corolla-lobes folded or rarely imbricate in bud. Ovary 2-oelled or spuriously 

 4-celled (rarely 3- or 4-celled), witli several ovules in each cell. Style single. Fruit 

 a berry or a capsule. Seeds albuminous. Embryo usually curved or annular. 

 Herbs or shrubs, rarely small trees, with alternate leaves. 



* Flotcers irregular. Of the stamens usually 1 or 3 wholly or partially aborted. 



Scrophularineae. Corolla-lobes 2-lipped or imbricate, or rarely almost regular and folded 

 in the bud. Perfect stamens 4, in pairs, or 2, the fifth rudimentary or wanting 

 or rarely all 5 stamens perfected. Ovary 2-celled with several ovules in each cell. 

 Fruit a capsule or very rarely a berry. Seeds albuminous. Embryo usually straight, 

 Herbs or rarely shrubs with alternate or opposite leaves. 



Lentihularieac. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens 2, anthers 1 -celled. Ovary one-celled, with 

 peltate ovules inserted on a free central placenta. Fruit a capsule. Seeds small. 

 Albumen none. Herbs either aquatic with floating capillary, divided leaves, or 

 terrestrial with radical leaves or leafless. 



Orohanchaceae. Stamens 4, in pairs ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary 1-celled, with 2 or 4 parie- 

 tal placentas and very numerous ovules. Fruit capsular. Seeds albuminous. Leaf- 

 less parasites of yellowish brown or other colours, never green. 



Gesneriaceae. Perfect stamens 4 in pairs or rarely 2 only. Ovary 1-celled with 2 

 parietal placentas and numerous ovules. Fruit capsular or a berry. Seeds often 

 with hair like appendages. Albumen none or present. Herbs or shrubs, often 

 epiphytical, rarely climbing. Leaves opposite. 



Bignoniaceae. Perfect stamens 4 in pairs or 2 only. Ovary 2-celled with 2 distinct and 

 sometimes distant placentas on the dissepiment in each cell ; ovules usually numer- 

 ous. Fruit capsular, often very elongated. Seeds often winged. Albumen none. 

 Trees, rarely climbing or erect shrubs, with opposite often compound leaves. 



Acanthaceae. Perfect stamens 4 in pairs, or 2 only, with or witliout a pair of rudi- 

 mentary ones. Ovary 2-celled with 2 or more superposed ovules in each cell. Fruit 

 a capsule opening elastically in 2 valves. Seeds usually supported by hooked or 

 rarely cup-shaped or minute seed-bearers. Albumen none. Herbs or shrubs, rarely 

 climbing, with opposite leaves. 



Pedalineae. Perfect stamens 4 in pairs or rarely 2 only. Ovary composed of 2, rarely 

 3 or 4 carpels, but often divided (at least after flowering) into twice as many cells by 

 spurious dissepiments. Ovules 2 or more, or rarely 1 only in each spurious cell 

 (half-carpel). Fruit hard and indehiscent or capsular. Testa of seed usually 

 facetted. Albumen none. Herbs with opposite leaves. 



Vethenactae. Stamens 2 or 4, in pairs, or rarely equal and isomerous (in teak) with 

 the corolla-lobes ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary not at all or scarcely lobed, the style 

 terminal. Mieropyle and radicle inferior. Trees shrubs or herbs, sometimes soaudent. 

 Leaves opposite or rarely alternate. 



Lahiatae. Stamens 2 or 4, in pairs ; anthers 2-celled or 1-celled by abortion or by con- 

 fluence. Ovary deeply lobed, the style nearly basal between the lobes. Mieropyle 

 and radicle inferior. Herbs or shrubs with opposite leaves. 



Subclass IIL Monochlamydeae. 



(Perianth really or apparently simple, the lobes or segments all calydne Or herbaceous, 

 or all petal-like or scarious or entirely wanting.) 



* Embryo more or less curved, or excentrical. 



Chenopodiaeeae. Perianth usually herbaceous. Stamens inserted on the perianth. 

 Ovary (of 2 or 3 carpels) only 1-celled, with 2 or 3 styles or styles branched and 

 only a single ovule. Herbs or undershrubs, often succulent or scaly tomeutose, 

 with alternate or rarely opposite leaves and no stipules. 



Amarantaceae. Perianth usually more or less scarious or coloured. Stamens inserted 

 on the torus. Ovary (of 2 or 3 carpels) only 1-eelled, with 2 or 3 styles or style- 

 branches and only a single ovule or rarely a cluster of ovules, bearing no relation 



