11 



Taccaceae. Flowers regular. Perianth of 6 segments, corolla-like. Stamens 6, inserted 

 into the base of the perianth-segments, filaments petaloid, hooded at the apex. 

 Ovary 1-or half 3-celled, placentas parietal, with numerous ovules. Albumen 

 fleshy. Tuberous herbs with parallel or irregularly branched veined simple or 

 divided leaves. Flowers formiug umbels on the long scapes. 



Bioscoreaceae. Flowers regular, unisexual. Perianth 6-lobed. Stamens 6, free, anthers 

 turned inwards. Ovary 3-oelled, with only 1 or 2 ovules. Seeds albuminous, 

 Usually twining plants, with tubers above or below the ground. Leaves simple or 

 digitate, net-veined. 



Irickae. Flowers regular or nearly so. Perianth of 6 segments, corolla-like. Stameus 

 3, the anthers turned outwards. Ovary 3-celled, the ovules axile. Stigmas often 

 petaloid. Seeds albuminous. Tuberous or fibrous rooted herbs with equitant 

 parallel-veined leaves. 



Amari/nitJfiae. Flowers regular. Perianth of 6 segments, corolla-like. Stamens 6, 

 anthers turned inwards. Ovary 3-celled, the ovules axile. Seeds albuminous. 

 Usually bulbous herbs, stemless or with a short spurious stem, the leaves uniform, 

 parallel-veined. 



Eydrocharideae. Flowers regular, usually unisexual. Perianth of 6 segments, the 3 

 outer ones calyx-like, the 3 inner ones petal-like or sometimes wanting. Stamens 

 definite or indefinite, epigynous. Ovary 1- to 9-celled, the ovules numerous, 

 often parietal. Albumen none. Submerged or floating-herbs, the leaves parallel- 

 veined. 



* Ovary superior. 



O Ovaries apocarpous, i. e.,free, {rarely solitary). 



Alismaceae. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Perianth of 6 segments, the 3 outer ones 

 calyx-like, the inner ones petal-like. Stamens definite or indefinite, perigynous. 

 Ovary of several free carpels, the carpels 1-or 2-ovuled. Albumen none. Floating 

 or swamp-plants, with parallel- veined leaves. Flowers in umbels, racemes or 

 panicles. 



Najadaceae. Flowers often unisexual, minute. Perianth of 2 or 4 segments, or wanting. 

 Stamens definite, perigynous, or sessile. Ovary of several free carpels, or unicarpel- 

 lary ; ovules 1 or more, pendulous or erect. Albumen none. Aquatic herbs, 

 floating or submerged, with parallel veined leaves. 



Q O Ovary syiicarpous. 

 A Flower corolla-liks or furnished icith a true calyx and corolla or absolutely naked. 



X Flouers often unisexual. Inflorescences often furnished with 

 1 or more spathcs. 



Aroideae. Flowers several or many, naked or the perianth incomplete, on a solitary spadix 

 protected by a single spathe. Anthers sessile. Ovory l-rarely 3-or more-celled, 

 with 1 or 2 rarely more parietal or erect ovules in each cell. Fruit fleshy. Albumen 

 rarely wanting. Herbs, usually succulent, stemless or caulescent, the leaves usually 

 net-veined. 



Pistiaceae. Flowers only 1 to 3, of which one only is female, protected by a more or 

 less incomplete spathe, but wanting a true free spadix. Ovary i-celled, with 1 or 

 several erect or ascending ovules. Usually floating small herbs, with parallel-veined 

 leaves, or reduced to minute leafless fronds. 



Typhaceae. Flowers minute, numerous on a naked spadix ; perianth scaly or hairy, 

 filaments long. Ovary 1-celled, stalked or sessile, with a solitary pendulous ovule. 

 Fruit an 1-seeded nut. Marsh-plants with linear parallel-veined leaves. Flowers in 

 dense spikes or heads. 



Pandanacene. Flowers usually naked, numerous, the males in branched, the females 

 often in simple spadices furnished with many spathes at the base. Ovary 1-celled, 

 with a solitary or rarely seyeral erect or numerous ovules along parietal placentas. 

 Albumen fleshy. Trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing, with spirally or distichously 

 arranged linear often spiny-bordered leaves, or rarely (in Cyclantheaj) the leaves 

 flabellate. Drupes fonning a syncarp. 



Palmae. Flowers more or less perfect, with or without bracts, seated on a branched rarely 

 simple spadix protected by 1 or more spathes. Perianth of 6 segments, often very 

 rigid or coriaceous, the inner segments often corolla-like, imbricate or valvate in 

 bud. Ovary usually of 3 carpels either completely syucarpous, or more or less 

 apocarpous. Ovules solitary or by 2 in each carpel, usually erect. Albumen 

 horny. Stemmed or stemless trees, often very lofty, or climbers, the leaves usually 

 pinnate or flabellate, plaited, parallel-veined. 



