88 



MYRlCiL-Ouly species, M. Nagt. 



BETULA. Only species, C. cylindrostachya. 



CARPINUS. Ouly species C. viminea, 



CASTANEA. 



* Fruits armed with simple or compound sharp spinet, 



t Leaves sharply serrate. 



All softer parts and leaves beneath tawny tomentose, , . , . C. Indiea. 



t t Leares entire, or remotely and ohsoletely serrate towards the apex, 



Fruit more than an inch in diameter, the spines long and much crowded. 



Adult leaves thick and rigidly coriaceous, with very strong nerves, C. divcrsifolia. 



Leaves ohartaceous, more or less silvery beneath, 0. argenten. 



Leaves very large, about a foot long by 3-5 in. broad, glossy on both sides, . .C. Roxburghii, 



O O Fruits less than an inch thick, usually the size qf a e/ierry, the spines 

 often recurved and distant. 



Leaves entire, or remotely serrate towards apex, glabrous or minutely brownish tomentose 

 beneath, C. tribuloides. 



* * Fruits armed with very short pointed or blunt cones, or caducous tubercles, and then 



afterwards unarmed and zonate. 



f The fruiting involucre of a very thick coriaceous texture. 



Fruits armed with short cones ; leaves uniformly green, C. rhamnifolia. 



Adult fruits unarmed, zonate, grey ; leaves more or less silvery or coppery be- 

 neath, C. inermis. 



t t Fruiting involucre of a very thin texture. 



Fruits blackish, smooth, with 4 or 5 scared annular rings ; leaves more or less silvery or 

 coppery beneath, C. lancewfolia. 



QUERCUS. 



* The citp beset tcith more or less crowded imbricate scales, the scales sometimes be' 



coining otsolete with ripening of the fruit and appearing as concentric Uudtened 



zones. 



X Scales linear or subulate, more or less spreading. Cup velvety, brown. 



Leaves almost glabrous ; cup almost wholly enclosing the nut, only at top with a circular 



opening, Q. feneslrata. 



As former, but nut far exserted, , Q. acuminata. 



Leaves more or less pubescent beneath ; nut exserted, Q. lappacea. 



X y. Scales broad and short, oppressed to the cup. 



Fruiting peduncle several inches long, the fruits numerous and more or 

 less spicdte. Cups (usually greyish) velvety ; nut exserted. 

 t Leaves glabrous. 



Shoots glabrous ; cup about an inch in diameter, the borders often reflexed ; leaves glossy, 

 uniformly green, Q. Amherstiana. 



Shoots greyish puberulous ; cup only about | an inch in diameter ; leaves rather opaque and 

 Bomewliat glaucous, Q, polystachya. 



As former, but the reticulation and venation of leaves wanting, Q. Bancana. 



Shoots greyish-puberulous ; cup about 5-8 lin. across ; leaves glaucous beneath, . . Q. Thonisoni. 



Shoots smooth ; leaves glossy, one-coloured ; cup about 5-8 lin. across ; flowers in densely 



whitish-tomentose appressed oblong clusters, Q. spicata. 



1 1 Leaves pubescent beneath. 



Cups usually connate, thickened-zonate, about | inch or less across ; leaves coarsely and oh- 

 soletely repand towards apex, ,,,.Q. Lindleyana. 



Fruiting peduncle short, 1 rarely up to 2 inch. long. Cup icrinkled- 

 rough, but glabrous, brotcn. 



Cup obsoletely scaly-zonate, about 7-8 lin. across, almost resinous ; leaves smooth, repand- 

 serrate at apex, Q, cumorpha. 



** Cup consisting of lamellate, entire, crenate or toothed, concentric rings. Fruiting 

 peduncle 1-2 in. long, rarely sometchut longer, usually few-fruited. Leaves 

 repand-serrate, at least toio.irds apex. 

 O Nut depressed, ha> dly exserted. 



