17 



2ifk Felruary, 1871. I moved my camp higher up on the Gyo gyo ridge of the Kam- 

 bala, leaving belaud all my unnecessary luggage and encamped on a small prominent ridge 

 at an elevation of about 20UO feet. As there was no water here, the elephants had daily to 

 bring our supplies of water in bamboos from the Gyo gyo choung. The whole ridge is 

 covered with upper mixed forests with well grown but not numerous teak trees and the gorges 

 contained evergreen forests. In continuing my ascent on the ridge over numerous knobs so 

 characteristic to sandstone ridges, we emerged from the upper mixed forests rather suddenly, 

 and found the highest peak of the Kambala toung before us covered with dwarfy crooked 

 treelets and looking quite black and desolate, for the jungle fires had raged over it only a 

 few days ago. A small sharp peak was climbed at once, and not a little to ray surprise I saw 

 hanging over me a beautiful vaccinium (a variety of V. verticillatum) along with other plants 

 quite new to me. On the almost vertically sloping sandstone walls towards the Yan ohoung 

 a variety of gaily flowering stunted leafless trees stretched out before me, amongst which 

 white and orange variegated Bauhinia were most conspicuous, looking like Rhododendrons. 

 Scrambling up the proper Kambala we soon had our hands and faces blackened by the coal 

 and ashes of the burnt down vegetation. The rests of a Didi/mocnrpus were all the trophies 

 of the ascent. The prevailing tree was Hiptage candicans. These forests I have distinguished 

 as upper dry forests. After exploring the ridge that extends N. N. E. and along which Dr. 

 Brandis (? or some other gentleman) and party had come up from Yay-nouk many years ago, 

 we returned the same way to our hill camp. The annexed sketch is an outline of the 

 Kambala ridge as seen on the 21st February, from the Muy gyi range. 

 No. 9. 



26th February, 1871. This day was spent in a more careful 

 exploration of the vegetation on the ridges and for this purpose I 

 ^M ascended the Kambala again, turning, however, to the S. S. W. 



^ij ridge which connects the Kambala with the main range of the Yomah. 



^^' Another but lower ridge, called the Dwa dwa toung, running in the 



same direction, is so sharp that it is considered inaccessible. The one 

 we followed had similar sharp passages which often left us no ground 

 to step upon with safety, and obliged us to cling for support to the 

 little trees which grow here. While I was in such a precarious posi- 

 tion as this, I observed a tiger crawling along a thousand feet below, 

 who was doubtless retreating before the jungle fires which raged over 

 the valley. The smoky-grey coarse sandstone, which forms these ridges 

 appeared to me to be decomposed calcareous sandstone which in an 

 undecomposed state, also forms large blocks on the top of the ridge. 

 This rock dips to E. by N. at 60 to 70, while on the N. N. E. ridge 

 visited yesterday the angle was only 25 to 25. On reaching the 

 second highest peak I tried to ascertain the height by boiling 

 point, but the water I had with me proved to be so full of 

 silica sand that I gave up the plan. The Kambala seems, 

 however, even after making allowance for the dense haze, some- 

 what lower than the Kyouk pyu to the South. Scrambling all 

 over the accessible spurs and ridges, we returned to the top of 

 the Kambala, where I took my thermometrical observations and 

 came back to my hill camp at about 4 P. m. 



2mh February, 1871. The evergreen forests of the gorges in this 





.a 



E 



S^ locality contain chiefly Oarcinia cowa, Parkia, WalUchin duticha 

 ^ (fine large specimens), Payanelia, sha wa {Sterculia ornata),Ardisia 

 "o hiimilis ? 



CO 



specimens), 

 , Xanthophylhnn virescens, Eugenia, Mangifera, Oarcinia 

 elliptica, Polyalthia fanciculata, Kanazu [Pierardia sapida), Pcira- 

 Hliorea sidlata, Linociera, Milrrphora vandacflora, Semecarpm hetero' 

 fhyllm, Hopea odorata, waya, Sapindus rarak, Tetranthera, etc. A 

 new vine {Vitis campy loearpn), Sphenodcsma, Mezoneuron, and Calamus 

 lotifolius (ya mata) were the chief climbers. Of shrubs, etc. were 

 chiefly found Pteris cretica, Adianfum lunuiafum, Trevesia imlmata, 

 Pclybotryn vivipara, A>^pidium siifolium ? , Ph/ogacanthus insigtiM and 

 Ph. curviflorus, Cyclocodon lancijblium, Gli/cosmis, Maesa mol/issima 

 and M. Imlica, Pteris 4-aurtta, etc. On the trees were observed a fine 

 new Aeschynanthus, several orchids, Davallia falcinella, etc. 



In excessive climes these evergreen tropical forests form during 

 the dry season a natural reservoir of Malayan types, and the 

 concomitant animal life finds a shelter here. If during the hot season 

 one collected insects only in the tropical forests, and another did the 

 aame in the leaf-shedding forests, the collections of both would 



