tielivery costs, the general levels of grain prices to all farmers must be 

 increased. The field work is not complete and the data not analyzed, but 

 there is evidence that more complete cooperation between farmers and 

 grain stores and among grain dealers could result in large savings in 

 labor and mileage of delivery. 



Data have been obtained from about 50 poultrymen as to present 

 practices in feeding grain. 



While a few operators handle grain in bags fairly efficiently when 

 measured by time, most poultrymen could reduce both time and physical 

 effort by handling it in bulk at the farm. 



A preliminary report concerning practices in handling grain in bulk 

 as observed on poultry farms was published and is available as Agri- 

 cultural Economics Mimeograph No. 11, "Handling Grain in Bulk on 

 New Hampshire Poultry Farms." 



H. C. Wood WORTH 



Importance of Apple Refrigeration 



Less than a third of the consumers contacted in two New Hampshire 

 cities placed apples in their refrigerators. In a large city (Manchester) the 

 kitchen was the most important storage place. Tn a small city (Hampton) 

 the cellar was first in importance as a storage place. Few of the stores 

 used refrigerated displays for apples. But refrigeration is not enough ; 

 maintenance of high liumidity is also important. Storage in a plastic bag 

 in a refrigerator would be ideal for the consumer. 



Almost 75 percent of the apples bought were used fresh. Apple sauce 

 was the most important apple product used. Use of frozen apples or juice 

 or apple butter was negligible. 



More contacts with consumers, with emphasis on uses of apples, 

 varieties, and other consumer information, appear desirable. Growers are 

 using little advertising directed to consumers.. 



Convenience of purchase, a more attractive product, and better main- 

 tenance of quality would increase apple consumption. 



L. A. Dougherty 



Increasing Efficiency in the Operation of Milk 

 Distribution Facilities in New Hampshire 



Increased competition for milk in the consumers" food l)udget and in- 

 creased costs of production and distribution necessitate continuous im- 

 provements in existing facilities and methods for milk distribution and 

 assembly. The efficiency of milk distribution refers to the physical move- 

 ment of milk, the costs of inputs such as labor and equipment, and the 

 pricing methods. To the extent that the State has assumed responsibility 

 for pricing at wholesale and retail, tliis means of encouraging efficiency is 

 less powerful than it would be under more competitive conditions. 



The purpose of this project has been to establish certain measures of 

 efficiency by comparing markets and by the confidential comparison with 

 dealers of their position relative to theirs and other markets. Two meas- 

 ures used were: 1. the ratio of miles traveled to milk delivered, and 2. the 

 ratio of men hours to milk delivered. Increased efficiency obtained in 1945 

 from every-other-day delivery was reduced by 1950 from uneconomic use 

 of labor anrl increased distance of delivery to consumers. Some improve- 



