SPRAYING THE APPLE ORCHARD. 25 



pie worm, for it soon hollows out each of them as well as 

 the surrounding core, its work being indicated by the well- 

 known excreta thrown out at the calyx, showing the "worm- 

 iness" of the apple. In about a month, having attained 

 full growth, it eats its way out through the side of the ap- 

 ple, through which a round exit hole is left, and seeks a 

 place in which to form the cocoon. The full-grown apple 

 worm is about three fourths of an inch long, of a whitish 

 or often pinkish color, and so well known as hardly to 

 require further description. Last year the first larva 

 left the apple July 25 and the first cocoons were found 

 about August 1st. From that time until late in September, 

 just before the apples were picked they continued to 

 emerge and form cocoons, the larger number being formed 

 late in September. The cocoon is formed under the bark, 

 or in other sheltered situations, and there the larva passes 

 the winter, as already described. 



The Second Brood. — Out of several hundred larva' in 

 cocoons collected during August and September, none 

 transformed and all are now passing the winter. But the 

 last week in August young worms, evidently just hatched, 

 were found eating on the surface of the fruit. For some 

 reason no eggs from which this .second brood hatched could 

 be found, but there can be no question that some of the 

 larvffi which first matured in July transformed to pupae 

 and moths, the same as they do in the spring, and that these 

 moths laid eggs for a second brood. How many larv8e 

 so transform, and where and when the moths lay their 

 eggs, remain to be observed next season. Evidently 

 the eggs are laid upon or very near the apples, for 

 larvae which had just hatched were found upon them. 

 The feeding habits of these little worms of the second 

 brood are quite different from the main summer brood, 

 as they merely feed upon or just under the surface, 

 often around or in the calyx, or where a leaf or an- 

 other apple comes in contact with the skin, and rarely 

 bore into the apple, as does the first brood. Rarely do 



