Sl•l^\^ IN'.i TllK Al'l'I.K OIUIIAUI). 



41 



rot fungi, which soon destroy it. The spots on the leaves 

 and fruit are the source of an abundant crop of spores 

 which are able to start the disease in new places. The 

 fungus lives through the winter in the fallen leaves, pro- 

 ducing another form of spore in the spring. These spores 

 are carried by the wind to the young leaves and the disease 

 starts anew. Some varieties of apples are affected more 

 often than others, the Fameuse and Mackintosh Red being 

 especially susceptible and ahnost always scabby unless 

 sprayed. 



In comparisons made in the orchard of Prof. F. W. 

 Hooper at Walpole, N. H., in 1906, we found that on the 

 Mackintosh trees not sprayed 43% of the picked fruit was 

 scabby, while on those sprayed twice with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture, but 6.3% were scabby. The photo of the amount of 

 scabby and clean fruit on two of the sprayed and un- 

 sprayed trees shows the profit from the spraying. 



Fruit Spot. — Several varieties of New Hampshire ap- 

 ples, especially the Bald- 



win, are seriously affected 

 by a fungous disease 

 known as the "fruit 

 si)ot" or "brown spot." 

 When the apples are near- 

 ly mature small depressed 

 spots begin to form on the 

 surface. On the greoii 

 parts of the apple the 

 spots are deeper green ; 

 on the red portions, a 



Fig. 27.—" Fruit spot " on Baldwin. 



deeper red. The tissue immediately beneath these spots is 

 brown and corky. In storage the spots often become larger 

 and more sunken, but are never over one fourth an inch in 

 diameter. Spraying with Bordeaux mixture greatly re- 

 duces this disease, the late applications seeming to be most 

 effective. The following data show the results obtained in 

 the station experiments made in the orchard of Mr. Albert 



