SPRAYING THE iVPPLE ORCHARD. 



ir» 



Fig. 6.— The apple worm in Us winter 

 home, the cocoon under a bit of 

 bark. 



hole has beeu drilled through it and directly into a small, 

 white cocoon, now empty. Further search, if it he made in 

 winter or si)ring, will show that probably three fourths of 

 these cocoons have been entered by a woodpecker. But 

 after some search a few will 

 be found containing- the 

 pinkish apple worms, the 

 larviu of the codling motli. 

 snugly curled up in their 

 silken chambers. Here they 

 remain until spring, provid- 

 ing our friend the wood- 

 pecker does not find them 

 before. Such is the usual winter home of the apple worm, 

 but often it may form its cocoon under an old fence rail, in 

 an apple barrel or bin, or wherever it happened to emerge 

 from the apple in the fall and found a ctmveneint, sheltered 

 spot. These wintering larvae are of various sizes, a few 

 being hardly one fourth the size of the largest, l)ut only 

 the large, full-grown ones survive and transform the next 

 spring. 



The Transformation. — Late in April or sometime in 

 May, the caterpillar opens the end of the cocoon and spins 

 a silken tube from it to the surface. Then retiring to the 



cocoon with its head towards the door- 

 way, it sheds its winter clothes, trans- 

 forming into a pupa or chrysalis. The 

 pupa is a semi-dormant stage in which 

 the insect has almost no power of mo- 

 tion, and shows but little sign of life, 

 but during which wonderful changes in 

 its structure are going on, so that from 

 the old tissues of the worm-like larva 

 are formed the organs of the active, 

 winged moth. In 1906 pupation commenced INIay 7, and 

 the last larvae did not pupate until early in June. Al)out 



'Figures 7, 8, 9, 14, 16. from Slingerland, Cornell University Experiment Sta- 

 tion, Bulletin 112. 



Fig. 



7.— The pui)a or 

 chrysali.s.i 



