16 SPRAYING THE APPLE ORCHARD. 



Yet there are many doubters who must be shown. To 

 demonstrate to the latter class that spraying is neces- 

 sary and profitable in New Hampshire as well as else- 

 where, and also to determine various points as to the best 

 materials and methods of spraying, we have conducted 

 spraying experiments in five different orchards at Durham, 

 ■Oreenland, Hancock and Walpole. About 150 trees, in all, 

 were sprayed. All of the fruit, both windfall and picked, 

 for the whole season was counted from each tree and the 

 condition of the fruit carefully noted, over half a million 

 apples being handled. The results, which are given below 

 (page 28) should certainly convince the most skeptical of 

 the loss we annually incur by not spraying. 



Spraying Controls both Insects and Diseases. — Spray- 

 ing is directed against both insect pests and plant diseases. 

 The kind of spray and the time of its application depend 

 upon the enemy to be combated. The arsenical poisons will 

 control the biting insects and the fungicides, such as Bor- 

 deaux mixture, prevent the growth of fungous diseases; 

 used together they control both classes of enemies when 

 rightly applied. Mere spraying is of no more value than 

 feeding a healthy man on medicine and profitable results 

 are secured only by spraying against some particular pest 

 and applying at the necessary time the spray that will con- 

 trol it. The insect pests and fungous diseases of the ap- 

 ple must, therefore, be kept distinctly in mind and we must 

 have a knowledge of each, if we are to combat them suc- 

 cessfully. 



THE CODLING MOTH. 



"What small boy does not know the wormy apple ahnost 

 by intuition ? And, if he fail to announce to his companion 

 that ' ' there ain 't goin ' to be no core " it is probably because 

 the codling moth has already devoured that toothsome 

 morsel. Of all the insects affecting the apple, this is the 

 one against which our spraying is chiefly directed. Scores 

 of insects attack the foliage and occasionally require 



