150 THE BHOWX-TAIL MOTH. 
mon apple caterpillars such as the fall webworm, the red- 
humped apple caterpillar, yellow-necked apple caterpillar 
and others which appear early in August as well as a large 
part of the second brood of the codling moth may be con- 
trolled by spraying at this time. Although this spraying 
may not entirely clear an orchard of the pest, the winter 
nests will be so reduced that it will take but a little time to 
prune them and the reduction in the cost of pruning will 
more than pay for the spraying. Spraying at this season 
will not injure or poison the fruit. 
Spraying or sprinkling with kerosene emulsion or strong 
Fig. 33.— Newly hatched Brown-Tail Moth caterpillars feeding on upper sur- 
face of apple leaf— enlarged. 
soap solution will often destroy the caterpillars when they 
swarm on fences and walks. 
Banding. — Uninfested trees may often be protected by 
applying a band of some sticky substance over which the 
caterpillars are unable to cross. This will not be effective 
(1) if the branches of the trees interlock with those of an 
infested tree; (2) if the trees stand so close together that 
the small caterpillars can pass from one to the other while 
suspended on their fine threads; (3) if the band either 
hardens or becomes covered with dust so that it does not 
remain sticky; and (4) if the caterpillars are allowed to 
become so numerous beneath the band that they form a 
bridge over it with their threads and dead bodies. The 
bands should therefore be frequently inspected and the 
