UMBELLIFER^E 117 



TORDYLIUM L. 



T. maximum L. Annual, i-2$ft., hispid with scabrous hairs. Hairs on 

 stem reflexed. Leaves pinnatisect, scabrous, the lower ones with 5-7 oblong 

 segments, crenate, the upper and middle ones with long lanceolate terminal seg- 

 ment, dentate. Umbels compact, with 5-10 short hispid unequal rays. Outer- 

 flowers with 3 spreading petals, the 2 lateral with unequal lobes. Fruit sub- 

 orbicular on a short stem. 



Borders of fields and waste places, fairly common. June-July. 



PEUCEDANUM L. 



P. officinale L. Plant 2-3 ft. high, glabrous, dark green. Lower leaves 

 large, stiff, with cylindrical petiole, triternate, with long narrow linear segments. 

 Flowers yellow. Umbels 12-20 rayed, large terminal. Involucre of 2-3 falling 

 bracts or o. Involucel of numerous linear bracteoles. Fruit large, obovate. 



Damp woods in the hills, meadows near ithe sea, etc., occasional. June- 

 September. 



P. Cervaria Lap. Glabrous, about 3 ft. high. Stem >robust, solid. Leaves 

 glaucous beneath, stiff, 2-3 pinnate, segments oval or elliptic-lanceolate, lobed 

 and toothed, the teeth spinescent. Flowers white or pinkish,iin 15-25 rayed 

 umbels. Both involucres with reflexed segments, linear and membranous at 

 edges. Fruit oval, entire at summit. 



Mountain slopes and woods, descending to near the sea. July-October. 



P. Oreoselinum Mcench. Plant 2-3 ft. glabrous, green. Leaves green on 

 both sides, tripinnatisect, with oval segments toothed and trifid at the top. 

 Umbels of 10-20 rays. Involucre and involucel of linear-deflexed bracts. Fruit 

 suborbicular, emarginate, with thick white border. Flowers white. 



Woods and pastures, especially in the lower mountains, scarce. July- 

 August. 



P. Venutum K. Plant 3 ft. high, glabrous, dull green. Leaves large, 

 tripinnatisect with pinnatifid divisions, divided into lanceolate segments. 

 Umbel of 6-15 rays. Both involucres of several spreading bracts. Fruit 

 narrowly oval, downy. 



Damp woods near Menton, Nice, Sospel, etc., in Alpes-Marit. August- 

 October. 



DAUCUS L. CARROT. 



D. Carota L. Biennial, 1-2$ ft. high. Leaves soft, 3-pinnate, leaflets 

 ovate, cut into many narrow segments. Flowers white or pinkish, outer ones 

 rayed, the central ones purplish. Umbels large, 20-40 rayed, outer ones arching 

 over the inner, or few and irregular ; bracts usually pinnatifid ; bracteoles lanceo- 

 late-acuminate. Very polymorphic. 



Fields and slopes, very common. April-October. 



D. gummifer Lamk. Biennial 4-12 in. high, dark green and rather fleshy. 

 Stem thick, branches spreading from the base. Leaf segments broader, closer, 

 umbels convex, spines of fruit dilated and connate at base. 



A sub-species of the last growing on rocks, etc., near the sea. June-August. 



Rouy calls the typical wild carrot D. communis, and D. Carota and 

 D. gummifer sub-species. D. mauritanicus L., D. maximus Desf., D. 

 Bocconei GMSS., and D. Qingidlum L. are other sub-species found on the 

 littoral. 



CAUCALIS Hoffm. 



C. leptophylla L. Annual, a foot high ; sterns covered with appressed hairs. 

 Leaves small, bipinnatisect. Flowers white or pinkish, small, on shortly 

 peduncled umbels, 2-5 rayed. Fruit small, linear oblong, covered with slender 

 hooked bristles. 



Fields and arid places, fairly common. May-July. 



