VALERIANACE^; 123 



A. Iffivigata L. Plant i ft. high, glabrous. Leaves oval or oblong obtuse, 

 r-nerved, in whorls of 4. Flowers white, very small, in axillary cymes. 

 Woods and shady places, uncommon. May -June. 



A. galioides M. Bieb. = A. glauca Bess. = Qalium glaucum L. 



Plant 1-2 ft. high, glabrous. Stem robust, rigid, swollen at nodes. Leaves in 

 whorls of 6-8, linear, stiff, mucronate, almost glaucous. Flowers pure white. 

 Fruit glabrous and glossy. Resembles Q. cinereum. 

 Dry, stony slopes, rather rare. May-July. 



A. cynanchica L. Squinancy-wort. Barren stems nearly prostrate, the 

 others about 6 or 8 in. high. Leaves narrow-linear, lower ones in whorls of 4, 

 upper ones often in pairs. Flowers pinkish-white or white, funnel-shaped. 

 Fruit small, tubercular. A very variable plant. 



Dry woods and hill-sides, especially on limestone. June-September. 



A. longiflora W. et K. This is as variable as the last, and differs from it 

 in its longer corolla-tube, more spreading lobes and longer leaves ; and it is 

 usually a taller plant. 



Rocks in the Esterel and lower Maritime Alps. June-July. 



A. hexaphylla All. A small tufted species, glabrous, with leaves in whorls 

 of 6, rather short, linear. Stem branched. Flowers pink, in dense terminal 

 heads, with involucre of small bracts. Corolla-tube 3 times as long as limb, 

 Fruit glabrous. 



Sunny rocks, usually limestone, in the lower mountain region about St. 

 Dalmazzo di Tenda, above Menton, etc. Rare. June-July. 



Sherardiararvensis L. is common in cultivated and waste places, also in 

 sandy pine-woods, etc. It is a small hispid annual with about 6 leaves in a 

 whorl and minute lilac or pink flowers. April-June. 



CRUCIANELLA L. 



C. maritima L. (Plate XVI). Plant glabrous and glaucous, 6-18 in. long, 

 with woody root and robust stems. Leaves in whorls of 4, erect, imbricate at 

 the base and on the young branches, lanceolate, mucronate, coriaceous, with 

 white membranous margin. Flowers small, yellowish in dense spikes. Corolla- 

 tube very long. 



Sea sands, very local. May-July. 



C. latifolia L. Annual, 6-16 in. high, glabrous. Stems slender, scabrous. 

 Upper leaves linear-lanceolate in distant whorls of 6, spreading, flat, green, 

 scabrous ; lower leaves broader. Flowers very small in a long dense imbricate 

 spike. Outer bracts connate, ciliate. 



Dry slopes and stony fields. April-June. Rarer than the next. 



C. angustifolia. Annual, 6-12 in. high, glabrous. Stems slender, erect. 

 Leaves in whorls of 4-6, linear-setaceous, very scabrous, margin rolled in, ap- 

 pressed against the stem. Flowers very small, yellowish, in linear, quadrangular, 

 densely imbricate spikes. Outer bracts white, with green keel. 



Dry slopes and stony places on the littoral. May-July. 



VALERIANACE^E. 



Calyx pappose. Corolla-tube spurred. Stamen i CENTRANTHUS. 



Calyx pappose. Corolla-tube slightly swollen or gibbous. Stamens 3 



VALERIANA. 

 Calyx toothed or lobed. Corolla-tube obconic. Annuals VALERIANELL&. 



CENTRANTHUS DC. 



C. ruber DC. Red Spur-Valerian. Stem woody below ; branches 2-3 ft. 

 erect, terete, hollow. Lower leaves lanceolate, upper ones triangular ovate 

 entire, glabrous and rather glaucous. Cymes long ; flowers dense, red or some- 

 times white ; corolla in., spur slender, twice length of ovary. Fruit glabrous. 



