DIPSACE^E 125 



V. discoidea Lois. Differs from the last in being more branched and thick 

 set, with broader, more hairy and more pinnatifid leaves, the limb of calyx has 

 lobes more outspread, of ten bifid and hairy on both sides and more shortly hooked. 



Fields and waste places. April-June. 



I am indebted to Mr. Bicknell for many of the above distinctions. 



V. rimosa Bast., V. membranacea Lois., and possibly one or two other 

 species occur in the district. 



DIPSACE^) 



Floral bracts spinescent, exserted, covering the head DIPSACUS. 



Floral bracts simple, rigid. Involucre leathery _CEPHALARIA. 



Floral bracts hispid. Calyx crowned by bristles (6-10). Involucel 4-furrowed. 



KNAUTIA. 

 Floral bracts concealed, scale-like or o. Involucel 8-furrowed SCABIOSA. 



DIPSACUS L. 



D. silvestris Mill., the Common Teasel, is found here and there at the 

 sides of ditches, etc., and D. pilosus L. in the mountain region of Alpes-Marit. 



D. fullonum Mill, is still occasionally cultivated in the Var. 



CEPHALARIA Schrad. 



C. leucantha Schrad. A bushy plant about a yard high. Root-leaves 

 simple, oval, toothed. Stem-leaves pinnatisect, with toothed lanceolate or linear 

 segments, glabrous or sometimes rather viscid and sweet-scented. Flowers 

 yellowish-white, in spherical heads (2 cms.) Involucral bracts and scales of re- 

 ceptacle scarious, ovate, obtuse, and pubescent. Involucel with many teeth 

 and ciliate. 



Borders of fields and stony slopes. July- Sept ember. 



C. transilvanica Schrad. Annual, 1-2^ ft. Stem slender, more or less 

 scabrous. Leaves hispid, cauline leaves pinnatisect or almost lyrate, with linear- 

 lanceolate segments the terminal being largest. Root-leaves simple. Involucral 

 bracts scarious. Scales of receptacle ovate, acuminate-aristate with a purple 

 keel. Flowers pale blue. Involucel of 8 short teeth. 



Dry fields and cultivated ground. July-October. 



C. syriaca Schrad. is very rare, and found in fields at the Grande Axe 

 (Seillens) in the Var. June-July. The scales of the receptacle are broad and 

 have an awn as long as the limb. Leaves simple. Flowers lilac. Annual. 



KNAUTIA Coulter. 



K. arvensis Coult. = Scabiosa arvensis L. Field Scabious. Stem 2-4 

 ft., rather stout, hairy, usually branched above. Leaves variable, hairy, radical, 

 oblong lanceolate, entire, serrate. Heads of pale lilac-purple flowers i-i in. 

 in diameter on long peduncles. Involucral bracts broad, leafy, 2-seriate. Corolla 

 hairy, inner pinker, outer larger, radiating, 2-hpped. Plant polymorphic. 



Borders of fields, banks, woods, and meadows. May-September. 



K. hybrida Coult. = K. integrifolia Bert. Annual, 1-2 ft. Root-leaves 

 in a rosette, lyrate or pinnatifid, upper leaves linear-lanceolate entire. Peduncles 

 glandular. Flowers pale rose or lilac, in nearly flat heads. Calyx crowned with 

 numerous white hairs, shorter than the involucel. 



Fields and sandy hill-sides on the littoral. May-June. 



K. sylvatica Duby and K. collina G. G. grow occasionally in the lower 

 mountain region. The former has large oblong-lanceolate leaves, and the latter 

 has lyrate or pinnate leaves with oblong obtuse lobes, silky or felted. 



SCABIOSA L. 



S. maritima L. (Plate XVII). Stem erect, 1-3 ft. Lower leaves oblong, 

 spathulate, toothed. Upper ones pinnatisect. Flowers pink or light violet, 



