152 FLOWERING PLANTS OF THE RIVIERA 



In 1913 it was in flower by 22 February near Carqueiranne, but this Heath 

 remains a very long while in the bud state, when it is sometimes gathered to 

 open in water. The roots are used to make " briar " pipes (a corruption of the 

 word bruyere). See Plate XXV. 



E. SCOpafia L. Shrub, 2-4 ft. high, with glabrous branches. Leaves 

 in whorls of 3-4, linear-obtuse, 2-ridged. Flowers very small and numer- 

 ous, greenish-yellow, in long narrow spikes. Stamens included in corolla 

 tube. 



Woods and arid hill-sides near the littoral. April-May. 



E. multiflora L. Under-shrub about 2-3 ft. high, glabrous. Leaves 

 in whorls of 4-6, linear-obtuse, with one furrow, glabrous and thick. Flowers 

 pink, in compact terminal heads. Anthers prominent. Calyx lobes oblong 

 lanceolate, glabrous, almost half length of corolla which is well shaped and 

 5 mm. long. 



Woods and hill-sides west of Toulon, as at St. Cyr, Bandol, etc. Rare near 

 Villefranche and in the Magnan Valley near Nice. September- November. 

 This Heath, common near Marseilles, must not be confused with E. mediter- 

 ranea L. which does not grow on the Riviera, but farther west. 



CALLUNA Salisbury. LING OR HEATHER. 



C. vulgaris Salis. = Erica vulgaris L. = C. Erica DC. A small 

 straggling shrub. Leaves acicular, very small and short. Flowers pink or 

 rarely white. Stamens with anthers dorsally fixed. t Calyx coloured like the 

 corolla, with 4 small bracts at the base. 



Woods and dry heaths on siliceous soil. July-October. 



PYROLA L. WINTER-GREEN. 



P. chlorantha Swartz. Somewhat like P. rotundifolia L. (which 

 grows in the Maritime Alps) but with the long style more curved and reflexed. 

 Root-leaves orbicular, rounded at top, sometimes almost truncate at base, 

 slightly toothed, long-petioled. Inflorescence loose, 5-7 flowered. Flowers 

 large, greenish-white. Sepals ovate, acuminate, very short. 



Mountain woods and rocks. June-July. Very rare and perhaps only 

 recorded from a pine-wood near V^rignon in the Var, and from near 

 Breil. 



P. secunda L. Serrated Winter-green. Raceme unilateral. Style long 

 and nearly straight. Leaves ovate, acute, toothed and prominently veined. 

 Flowers small, greenish-white. A very distinct species. 



Mountain woods (rare) in the north of the Var, and in the Maritime Alps. 

 June-July. 



P. minor and P. uniflora are found only in the Alpine and sub-Alpine 

 parts of the Maritime Alps. 



MONOTROPACE^E. 

 MONOTROPA L. 



M. Hypopitys L. = Hypopitys multiflora Scop. Bird's Nest. Stem 

 6-9 in. high, with scales instead of leaves. Flowers few, in a short terminal 

 raceme. Sepals and petals ovate or oblong, glabrous or slightly downy within. 

 Whole plant of a yellowish- brown, turning black on drying. Parasitical upon 

 the roots of trees, especially Beech, though in the south it is found mostly on 

 Oaks and Firs. It is very rare in the French Riviera district, and in the Var the 

 only form found, near Toulon and Le Luc, is the sub-species hypophega 

 Don. The type plant occurs here and there in dry pine-woods above Bordighera, 

 as near Bajardo. 



