URTICACE^E 191 



Borders of fields and roads, very common and extending into the high 

 mountains. April-September. 



E. terracina L. Stems erect, glabrous, 6-20 in. Leaves linear-oblong, 

 toothed above, green. Umbel of 2-5 forked rays. Floral bracts broadly ovate- 

 rhomboidal, mucronate, toothed. Glands greenish, cross-shaped, with long 

 setaceous horns. Capsule trigonous, smooth. 



Sea-sands and hill-sides near the coast. April-September. 



E. niceensis All. Plant 9-24 in. high, glabrous and very glaucous, or 

 often reddish. Stems nearly woody at base and naked below. Leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate apiculate, thick, very entire. Floral bracts ovate-orbicular. 



Arid places and hill-sides, fairly common on the littoral. May-July. 



E. ParaliasL. Sea Spurge (of Britain). Stems erect, bushy, woody at 

 base and densely covered with leaves in upper part. Leaves oblong-lanceolate. 

 Umbel of 3-5 forked rays. Floral bracts kidney shaped. A glabrous and 

 glaucous plant. 



Sea-sands, fairly common. May-September. 



E. Pithy usa L. In habit like the last, glabrous and glaucous and very 

 shrubby, 1-2 ft. high, woody at base. Leaves very close or imbricate, lower ones 

 turned down, leathery, linear or lanceolate-acuminate, cuspidate. Umbel of 5-8 

 short forked rays. Bracts oval, mucronate. Glands slightly emarginate, with 

 short obtuse horns. Capsule glabrous. 



Sands and rocks by the sea, rare and local, but abundant in certain places, e.g. 

 Almanarre, Plage de Giens, lies d'Hyeres, below Bormes, etc. May-August. 



It occurs again near Genoa. 



E. segetalis L. Annual (usually), i-i J ft. high, glabrous and rather glaucous. 

 Stem erect, usually simple. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, umbel of 5 rays 

 1-3 times branched. Bracts suborbicular ; mucronate glands cross-shaped, with 

 long horns. Capsule glabrous, finely granular at the back of each division. 



Fields and dry places, very common, especially on the littoral. April- 

 October. 



E. Characias L. (See Plate VII). A tall, robust plant, 2-4 ft. high. Stems 

 woody below, thick, top portion nodding when young. Leaves long and 

 lanceolate narrowing at the base, crowded on the upper part of the stems. 

 Umbel with many forked rays. Floral bracts emarginate and united to form a 

 cup under the flower-heads. Glands 4, usually dark purplish, with short horns. 

 Capsule covered with soft hairs. 



Woods, hill-sides, and borders of roads, very common. March-May. 



There are over 30 species of Euphorbia on the Riviera and neighbouring 

 mountains. Among those not already mentioned are the rare E. Canuti which 

 grows on the mountains on both sides of the Roja valley at the eastern 

 limit of our district; E. PresIiJ of American origin (leaves opposite), is 

 established near Ventimiglia ; E. hibernica grows in mountain woods of the 

 Maritime Alps, and the following commoner kinds are widely spread, viz. : 

 E. helioscopia, E. platyphylla, E. stricta, E. Peplus, E. peploides, 

 E. exigua, E. falcata, E. Esula (in the hills), E. amygdaloides, and E. 

 Qerardiana. 



URTICACEjE. 



Leaves opposite, with stinging hairs URTICA. 



Leaves alternate, with simple hairs PARIETARIA. 



Leaves mostly alternate, very glabrous. Stamens 12-20 THELIGONUM. 



Leaves palmate, stem climbing HUMULUS. 



THELIGONUM L. 



T. Cynocrambe L. A small green fleshy annual growing in clumps on 

 banks and under hedges. Leaves oval, entire, the lower ones opposite, upper 



