30 INTRODUCTION. 



chalk formation occur also on its drift. Suck have been re- 

 corded in Reseda lutea, Galium tricorne, Carduus nutans, 

 Cnicus acaulis, Lactuca muralis, Specularia hybrida, Ac.eras 

 anthropophora, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys muscifera, Iris fceti- 

 dissima, and probably in Tulipa sylvestris, Bupleurum rotandi- 

 folium and Viburnum Lantana.* 



Of plants chieny confined to the counties of Norfolk and 

 Suffolk the district possesses Holosteurn umbellatum, Trifo- 

 lium ochroleucum, Veronica verna (extinct ?), Primula elatior, 

 Muscari racemosum, Potamogeton trickoides, Apera interrupta 

 and Gorynephorus canescens. 



The London Catalogue (8th edition) records 1,858 species 

 of flowering plants, ferns, and allies, for the British Isles ; the 

 Flora of Norfolk, published by the Norwich Society, reports 

 about 1,200 species ; the new Flora of Suffolk will include 

 1,219 species, and 177 varieties; the Flora of Haiieston re- 

 cords for six miles 791 species, and 36 varieties, and for eight 

 miles, according to present information, 835 species. 



(iii.) Traces of a Maritime Flora. In an age of theories 

 it is not the writer's wish to multiply them needlessly. There 

 are, however, certain species of flowering plants growing in the 

 higher Waveney valley which seem to exist as relics of an 

 older and maritime Flora. In the Geological sketcht mention 

 has been made of the former condition of the valley as a 

 brackish estuary, and of the traces still lingering in its physical 

 features. An observer standing on Redenhall Church tower 

 during a period of flood will gain some idea of the ancient 

 character of the surrounding country. In association with 

 this estuarine condition, a class of plants incidental to salt 

 marshes arid the sea-coast was naturally established, and some 

 of them seem still to linger. Such, for instance, are the fol- 

 lowing Umbelliferous species : 



Fodniculum vulgar e. According to Hooker's Flora (3rd 

 edition), the Fennel is found on " sea-cliffs," and is " perhaps 

 native from North Wales and Norfolk to Cornwall and Kent." 

 In a corresponding position inland, upon the sides of the valley 

 of the Waveney and its tributaries, this plant is frequent 

 throughout the district. As early as 1835 it was recorded as 

 growing "on the Bath Hills for many years," and its preva- 

 lence seems only satisfied by the supposition of a native origin, 

 and not by an introduction from innumerable gardens. 



Apium yraveolens. " Marshy places, chiefly by the sea " 

 (Hooker). Though the Celery is not recorded at present 'within 



* In this and the statements of the next section Hooker's Student's Flora 

 (3rd edition) and Watson's Topoyraphical Botany (2nd edition) have been 

 adopted as standards. 



f Page 10. 



