4- INTRODUCTION. 



6. The inferior capitals of the Scotch farmers, when 

 their improved system of husbandry commenced, rendered 

 it necessary for them, to study economy in the management 

 of their farms, to cultivate their lands with fewer horses, 

 with cheaper implements, and with a smaller number of 

 servants ; and hence originated a system of management, 

 distinguished by two important advantages, economy and 

 simplicity. 



7. In the more improved districts of Scotland, the farms 

 are in general of a proper size for arable culture. Small 

 lots are beneath the attention of an opulent and intelligent 

 farmer. Much time is lost in the cultivation of small farms, 

 and the comparative expence is much greater, where the 

 servants and cattle have not constant occupation ; whereas, 

 with a farm of a proper size, (the extent of which will be 

 the subject of future discussion f ) every hour may be ad- 

 vantageously employed. 



in erecting farm-houses anil offices for the same, shall be a creditor to 

 the succeeding heirs of entail, for three-fourths of the money laid out, 

 provided that the amount claimed, shall not exceed four years' free rent 

 of the estate, at the first term of Whitsunday, after the demise of the 

 heir who expended the money. The expence of building or repairing 

 the mansion-house or offices, becomes also a debt against the heir of 

 entail, to the amount of three-fourths of the money expended, if the 

 claim does not exceed two years' free rent. It may, however, be ne- 

 cessary to observe, that certain formalities are required to be attended 

 to, in expending the money, and constituting it a debt against the heirs 

 of entail. By this statute, which is entitled, an act " for encouraging 

 the Improvement of Land in Scotland, held under Settlements of strict 

 Entail," it is lawful for the proprietor, to let leases for 31 years, or for 14 

 years and one existing life, or for two existing lives, under certain con- 

 ditions as to inclosing, if let for longer than 19 years; and proprietors 

 may let building leases, of not more than five acres extent, under certain 

 conditions, for any period not exceeding 99 years, 

 f See Dissertation I, Part II, On the Size of Farms. 



