or LIVE STOCK. 107 



form admirably calculated for fattening, is the Galloway 

 breed, and next the cattle of Fife, Angus, and Buchan, which 

 are nearly the same, differing only in size. 



In regard to the dairy, the cows bred in several districts 

 of Ayrshire, Cuningham in particular, which have since 

 spread into the counties of Renfrew and Lanark, and other 

 places, are justly celebrated. 



In discussing the subject of cattle, it is proposed to make 

 some observations, 1. On the feeding of cattle, and the 

 profit attending that practice, more especially when com- 

 pared with sheep ; 2. On dairy cows, and their manage- 

 ment ; and, 3. On the working of oxen ; concluding with 

 some additional particulars, which it is necessary to explain 

 in regard to this branch of the enquiry. 



Feeding Cattle. As the farmers in the more improved 

 districts of Scotland, are not partial to old turf, and rarely 

 have any extent, either of permanent pasture or of mea- 

 dow land, it is usual for them, instead of breeding stock, 

 to purchase cattle or sheep from the breeding districts, and 

 to fatten them for the market. This is a system which 

 must be considered as highly beneficial to the country in 

 general, and is peculiarly advantageous to the arable farm- 

 er, who is thus enabled, to keep a greater extent of his farm 

 under the plough. The expence, and the risk of breeding 

 great numbers of animals, are thus avoided. The attention 

 of the farmer is not distracted by a diversity of objects. He 

 can alter his system, from cattle to sheep, or from sheep to 

 cattle, as is likely to be most profitable ; and the capital he 

 lays out is speedily returned. The division of professions 

 between breeding and feeding, though they may be united 

 in peculiar favourable circumstances, yet, on the whole, is 

 a most important link in the progress of agricultural im- 

 provement. 



Cattle may be fed, in pastures, in fold yards, in open 



