OF LIVE STOCK. 141 



Steward, or bailiff, 1 



Shepherd, 1 



A labourer is sometimes employed for draining, and 

 some aid is got in the harrowing season. Turnip hoeing, 

 and harvest work, will, of course, require additional hands. 



The rotation above described, is perhaps the best that 

 can be followed, where the soil is suitable. It divides the 

 labour throughout the year, in a regular manner, and un- 

 der that plan, which is not unusual on the Borders, more 

 work will be done, by the horses kept, than under any other 

 sysiem ; for a pair of horses can plough 40 acres for grain, 

 (20 after turnip, and 20 after grass), and 20 acres of tur- 

 nips, with, perhaps, one supernumerary horse for every two 

 ploughs, (which is generally found a necessary addition at 

 some periods of the year), even though the farm should be 

 at some distance from coal and lime.* The only assistance 

 received by the horses on the farm of Stodridge is, that a 

 pair or two of young horses, are sometimes employed in 

 harrowing the ground in spring; but, on the other hand, 

 the horses on that farm, have sometimes assisted at Mr Nis- 

 bett's other farms, during harvest, Stodridge being an early 

 place. Mr Nisbett's horses are of the best sort, and fed well. 



In order to ascertain the nature, and the quantity of 

 work capable of being done by a pair of horses, Mr Hope 

 of Fenton, in East Lothian, drew up two diaries, one for a 

 clay, the other for a light soil. The clay soil was suppo- 

 sed to contain 250 Scotch, or 318 English acres; the rota- 

 tion as follows : 1. Fallow; 2*. Wheat or barley; 3. Grass; 



* In Norfolk, nine horses, and six men, besides a boy and a few wo- 

 men for hoeing, are considered to be necessary for a farm of 300 acres 

 of arable land, managed according to the Norfolk system. 



