10 HOUGH'S AMERICAN WOODS. abcd 8 e 2 



f Laterally compressed and long, blades rounded b., acute or short acuminate 

 a., glabrous and firm (white velvety when young) ; fr. capsule. 



LARGE-TOOTH POPLAR (Populus grandidentata) . 



f2 Terete, slender and short, blades mostly rounded or obtuse both ends, 

 membranaceous ; fr. drupe-like. 



WESTERN SERVICEBERRY (Amelanchier alnifolia). 

 d 9 Margin sinuate or sinuate-dentate, 



e Lanoe-oblong to ovate, obtuse to subcordate b., bluntly acute a., with 10-16 



pairs of straight lateral veins ROCK OAK ( Quercus Primis ) . 



e 2 Obovate-oblong. cuneate b., rounded or obtuse a., 6-8 pairs of lateral veins. 



whitish bn SWAMP WHITE OAK (Quercus platanoides) . 



e 3 Oval-obovate, rounded or subcordate b., rounded to acute or apiculate a., 

 membranaceous; petioles short and thick; fr. woody capsule. 



WITCH HAZEL (Hamamelis Virginia). 



e 4 Suborbicular (on vigerous shoots 3-5-lobed) 2-4 in., dark green ab., white 

 velvety tomentose bn. on stems, etc.; fr. capsule. . . .ABELE (Populus alba). 

 di Margin lobed; fruit a 



e Small apple, containing a single 2-seeded bony nutlet; branchlets thorny and 

 Ivs. with 1-3 pairs of wide-spreading lobes. 



HAWTHORN (Crataegus Oxyacantha) . 



e 2 Narrow upright cone, made up of closed carpels; Ivs. with one or two pairs 

 of wide-spreading entire lobes and turcate or with wide sinus at apex. 



TULIP TREE (Liriodendron tulipifera) . 

 e3 Acorn; Ivs. pinnately lobed and 



f Lobes bristle-tipped; acorns maturing in the autumn of the second year; 



sinuses 



g Narrow at bottom; lobes wide at base and narrowing towards apex; Ivs. 

 h Oval to ovate, lobes 4-5 pairs, each lobe with 

 i One to three sharp teeth; fruit 



j Scarcely 14 enveloped by its shallow saucer. 



RED OAK (Quercus rubra) . 

 j 2 Half enveloped by its deep saucer. 



GRAY OAK (Q. borealis) . 

 i 2 Entire, triangular and wide-spreading. 



SWAMP SPANISH OAK (Quercus pagodaefolia) . 

 h 2 Obovate and lobes generally in 



i Four pairs, symmetrically arranged, the larger lobes 1-4 toothed. 



YELLOW OAK (Q. velutina). 

 i 2 One to three pairs, 



j Not symmetrically arranged, lobes scarcely dentate and those of 



some Ivs. finger like SPANISH OAK ( Q. digitata ) . 



j 2 Symmetrically arranged and generally in 

 k Two pairs; shrubs or very small trees. 



BEAR OAK (Quercus nana) . 



k 2 A single pair of wide-spreading lobes near a., or scarcely lobed 

 and very wide at a. ; a medium-size tree. 



BLACK JACK OAK ( Q. Marilandica ) . 



g 2 Sinuses wide, rounded and deep; lobes narrow, widening toward the apex, 

 the larger with 1-4 spreading teeth or sometimes toothed lobes; acorn 



