H AMERICAN GARDENER. 



may be done by ploughing and harrowing, until 

 the ground at top, be perfectly clean ; and then 

 by double ploughing : that is to say, by going* 

 with a strong plough that turns a large furrow 

 and turns it cleanly, twice in the same place, and 

 thus moving the ground to the depth of fourteen 

 or sixteen inches, for, the advantage of deeply 

 moving the ground is very great indeed. When 

 this has been done in one direction it ought to 

 be done across, and then the ground will have 

 been well and truly moved. The ploughing 

 ought to be done with four oxen, and the plough 

 ought to be held by a strong and careful plough- 

 man. 



20. This is as much as I shall, probably,, be 

 able to persuade any body to do in the way of 

 preparing the ground. But, this is not all that 

 ought to be done ; and it is proper to give di- 

 rections for the best way of doing this and every- 

 thing else. The best way is, then, to trench the 

 ground; which is performed in this manner. 

 At one end of the piece of ground, intended for 

 the garden, you make, with a spade, a trench, 

 all along, two feet wide and two feet deep. You 

 throw the earth out on the side away from the 

 garden that is to be. You shovel out the bottom 

 clean, and make the sides of the trench as nearly 

 perpendicular as possible. Thus you have a 

 clean open trench, running, all along one end of 

 your garden-ground. You then take another 

 piece, all along, two feet wide, and put the earth 

 that this new piece contains into the trench, 

 taking off the top of the new two feet wide, and 

 turning that top down into the bottom of the 

 trench, and then taking the remainder of the 



