196 AMERICAN GARDENER. 



on the tree ; and I would be bound to have the 

 three last-named sorts weighing, on an average, 

 12 ounces. J have seen a Fall-Pippin that 

 weighed a pound. To preserve apples, in their 

 whole state, observe this, that frost does not 

 much injure them provided they be kept in total 

 darkness during the frost and until they be used, 

 and provided they be perfectly dry when put 

 away. If put together in large parcels, and kept 

 from the frost, they heat, and then they rot ; 

 and, those of them that happen not to rot, lose 

 their flavour, become vapid, and are, indeed good 

 for little. This is the case with the Newtown 

 Pippins that are sent to England, which are half 

 lost by rot, while the remainder are poor taste- 

 less stuff, very little better than the English ap- 

 ples, the far greater part of which are either 

 sour or mawkish. The apples, thus sent, have 

 every possible disadvantage. They are gathered 

 carelessly ; tossed into baskets and tumbled into 

 barrels at once, and without any packing stuff 

 between them ; the barrels are flung into and out 

 of wagons ; they are rolled along upon pave- 

 ments ; they are put in the hold, or between the 

 decks of the ship ; and, is it any wonder, that a 

 barrel of pomace, instead of apples, arrive at 

 Liverpool or London ? If, instead of this care- 

 less work, the apples were gathered ( a week be- 

 jore ripe ',} not bruised at all in the gathering ; 

 laid in the sun, on boards or cloths, three days, to 

 let the watery particles evaporate a little; put 

 into barrels with fine-cut straw-chaff, in such a 

 way as that no apple touched another; carefully 

 carried to the ship and put on board, and as care- 

 fully landed ; if this were the mode, one bavrel, 



