62 



Transplanting. 



This mound performs the triple office of stiffening the tree, exclud- 

 ing mice, and covering the roots from frost. Only a few seconds 

 are required to throw up one of these conical heaps of earth. After 

 the tree commences growing, the mounds are removed. Trees 

 which have had their heads lightened by the shortening process 

 already described, will not often need any other protection. 



But when the trees are large, or the situation is windy, staking 

 becomes necessary. If driven before the roots are covered, the 

 stakes may be erect, as in Fig. 83 ; if driven afterwards, they may 

 be slanting ; and in both cases straw bands should be first wrapped 

 once round, to prevent the trees from chafing. 



The accompanying figure (84) shows the mode in which the stake 

 is driven into the bottom of the hole before filling in. 



\ 



\ 



Fig. 82. Fig. 83. Fig. 84. 



Transplanting trees on the surface. On another page the advan- 

 tages are pointed out of 

 sometimes setting trees on 

 the surface of the soil. 

 This mode of transplanting 

 is undoubtedly the best on 

 all heavy soils that cannot 

 be thoroughly drained. The 

 annexed figure (85) exhibits 

 distinctly this mode of plant- 

 ing, the dotted line indicat- 

 ing the common surface of 

 the earth, on which the tree 

 is set, and the low mound 

 raised upon the roots. This not only gives the roots a deeper 

 soil, but prevents the water from settling among them. By throw- 



Fig. 8 S . 



