MOUNT RAINIER 



and of the river-like stream of ice flowing from them is 

 in full view. The ice ends in a dirt-covered and rock- 

 strewn terminus, just above a huge rounded dome 

 that rises in its path. In 1881 the ice reached nearly 

 to the top of the dome and broke off in an ice cliff, the 

 detached blocks falling into the gulf below. The 

 glacier has now withdrawn its terminus well above 

 the precipice where it formerly fell as an ice cascade, 

 and its surface has shrunk away from well-defined 

 moraines in much the same manner as has already 

 been noted in the case of Carbon Glacier. A more 

 detailed account of the retreat of the extremity of 

 Willis Glacier l will be given later. 



From Eagle Cliff we continued our tramp eastward 

 along the trail leading to Spray Park, climbed the zig- 

 zag pathway up the face of a cliff in front of Spray 

 Falls, and gained the picturesque and beautiful park- 

 like region above. An hour's tramp brought us again 

 near the Guardian Rocks. A swift descent down the 

 even snow fields enabled us to reach camp just as the 

 shadows of evening were gathering in the deeper can- 

 yons, leaving the silent snow fields above all aglow with 

 reflected sunset tints. 



Taking heavy packs on our backs on the morning of 

 July 21, we descended the steep broken surface of the 

 most recent moraine bordering Carbon Glacier in its 

 middle course, and reached the solid blue ice below. 

 Our course led us directly across the glacier, along the 

 lower border of the rapidly melting covering of winter 

 snow. The glacier is there about a mile across. Its 

 central part is higher than its border, and for the most 

 part the ice is concealed by dirt and stones. Just 

 below the neve, however, we found a space about half 

 a mile long in which melting had not led to the concen- 

 tration of sufficient debris to make traveling difficult. 

 Farther down the glacier, where surface melting was 

 more advanced, the entire glacier, with the exception 



1 Called the North Mowich Glacier on the present map. 

 1 68 



