THE POTTERS ART. 



biscuit, to which the colouring matter forming the design adheres. 

 The paper is then dissolved and washed off, the colouring matter 

 forming the design remaining upon the biscuit. The biscuit is 

 then glazed over the design with a glass glaze, so that after vitri- 

 fication the design appears under the glass. 



The original Worcester Porcelain Company principally limited 

 their business to the manufacture of blue and white porcelain, in 

 imitation of that of Nankin, and making the Japanese pottery. 

 Cookworthy, of Plymouth, continued to carry on the porcelain 

 business at Worcester until 1783, when the manufactory fell into 

 the hands of Mr. Thomas Flight. 



9. About 1751, Messrs. Littler, Yates, and Bad r leley attempted 

 the same manufacture in Staffordshire, but without success, and it 

 was not until 1765 that Messrs. Baddeley and Fletcher succeeded 

 in the manufacture of porcelain at Shelton. 



The kaolin or china clay, as it is usually called, which is used 

 in the manufacture of British porcelain, is found in the counties of 

 Cornwall, Devon, and Dorset. That of Cornwall was discovered 

 about the same time as that of the discovery of the kaolin of 

 St. Yrieix, in 1768, by Cookworthy. This is the most esteemed, 

 and its introduction into the manufacture of porcelain gave a great 

 impulse to the art. 



10. The qualities by which porcelain is distinguished from the 

 inferior productions of the potter are, density, whitoness, trans- 

 parency, and fine texture of the glaze. These properties are 

 estimated in the order wherein they are here enumerated, compact- 

 ness of body being the point which it is considered most desirable 

 to attain. The glaze, as seen in the finished porcelain, should not 

 put on a lustrous appearance ; but while beautifully smooth to the 

 touch, should present to the eye rather the softness of velvet than 

 the gloss of satin. This peculiar semblance will only be produced 

 with glaze that melts with difficulty, and when the heat has been 

 raised precisely to, and not beyond, the point that is necessary for 

 its fusion. 



1 1 . Stoneware is a very perfect kind of pottery, and approaches 

 nearer than any other description to the character of porcelain. Its 

 body is exceedingly dense and compact, so much so, indeed, that 

 although vessels formed of it are usually glazed, this covering is 

 given to them more with the view of imparting an attractive 

 appearance than of preserving them from the action of liquids. 

 When properly made and baked, stoneware is sufficiently hard to 

 strike fire from a Hint, and is as durable as porcelain. 



12. The translucency of porcelain arises from the vitrification of 

 one of the constituents of the paste in the process of baking. The 

 other constituents being much more refractory, the article still 



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