THROWING AND TURNING. 



by the hands and fingers of the thrower, assuming successively 

 the forms, c, fig. 31, and D, fig. 32, the shape of the hollow part 

 or interior being indicated by the dotted line. The traces of the 

 fingers appear in the spiral lines, d s. The circular disc forming 

 the top of the wheel is represented at g. 



The bail of dough, A, fig. 33, after similar manipulation, takes 

 the form, E, fig. 34. The parts D and E being united, the super- 

 fluous part of the dough is turned off so as to give the desired 

 form to the external surface. 



The peculiar attitude of the arms of the thrower, which is well 

 represented in fig. 28, will be observed to bear a close resemblance 

 to that represented in the ancient Egyptian drawing, fig. 5. 



2. When the thrown ware, as it is called, which is thus pro- 

 duced, has been rendered sufficiently consistent by spontaneous 

 air drying, it is transferred to the hands of the turner, who is 

 represented at B, fig. 28, and who works at a wheel similar to the 

 ordinary potter's wheel. This operative, by means of a cutting 

 tool, renders the form of the article more exact and true, and 

 shaves off all roughness and inequalities by a process precisely 

 similar to that of turning with the ordinary lathe, only that in the 

 present case the axis of the lathe is vertical, and the circular 

 motion imparted to the article horizontal. The shavings which 

 are detached in this process are mixed with fresh paste, to which 

 they impart peculiar qualities. 



Various tools and accessories appear in the figure, such as the 

 gauge compasses, calipers, c, by which the diameter of the vase at 

 different points is measured, the working drawing, d, which gives 

 him both the profile and the dimensions, the latter being from time 

 to time verified with the calipers. 



181 



