LOCOMOTION AND TRANSPORT, 



THEIR I^FLUEJSCE AtfD PROGRESS. 



CHAPTEE II. 



RETROSPECT OF THE PROGRESS OP TRANSPORT. 



Ot the first construction and improvement of roads and carriages. 

 2. Roads do not exist in more than two-sevenths of the inhabited 

 parts of the globe. 3. Roman and Egyptian roads. 4. Roads con- 

 structed by order of Semiramis. 5. Internal communication in 

 ancient Greece. 6. Roads of the Phoenicians and Carthaginians. 

 7. Roman military roads. 8. Commercial intercourse during the 

 middle ages. 9. Influences of the crusades on the art of transport. 

 10. Roads and intercommunication on the Continent to the middle of 

 the seventeenth century. 11. System of roads projected by Napoleon. 

 12. Improvement in internal communication after the peace of 

 1815. roads of France. 13. First roads in England, those made by 

 the Romans. 14. Watling Street, Ermine Street, Fosse-way and 

 Ikenald. 15. First attempts to improve roads in Great Britain in 

 reign of Charles the Second. 16. Transport in Scotland to the middle 

 of the eighteenth century. 17. Slowness of travelling in Scotland. 



18. Arthur Young's account of the roads in England in 1770. 



19. Comparison between cost and speed of former and present modes 

 of transport. 20. Origin of railways in England. 21. Their 

 immediate effects. 22. Progress of the construction. 23. Their 

 extent in 1852. 24. Capital absorbed by them. 25. Labour 

 employed by them. 



LARDNER'S MUSEUM OF SCIENCE. 17 



No. 30. 



