i v CONTENTS. 



CHAP. X. 212. Operation of Bain's telegraph. 213. _ Its com- 

 mutator. 214. Its extraordinary speed of transmission. 215. 

 Obstructions to its practical application. 216. Its prospects. 

 217. Autograph telegraph. 218. House's printing telegraph 

 219. Its operation.- 220. Henley's magnetic telegraph. 221. 

 Brett's printing telegraph. 222. Celerity of telegraphic com- 

 munication. 223. Circumstances which affect it. 224. Com- 

 parative ability of telegraphists. 225. Each telegi'aplnst known 

 by his manner of transmitting. 226. Easier to transmit than to 

 receive. 227. Pauses in transmission. 228. Kate of trans- 

 mission with double needle instruments woiked by voltaic current. 

 229. Rate with magneto-electric current . . . .49 



CHAP. XI. 230. Illustration of the efficiency of the needle instru- 

 ments. 231. Rate of transmission with the French state tele- 

 graphs. 232. With the French railway telegraphs. 233. With 

 the Morse telegraph. 234. Discrepancy of leports. 235. Causes 

 of its celerity. 236. Rate with Bain's telegraph. 237. Trans- 

 mission of music. 238. Rate of transmission with House's 

 telegraph. 239. Distance sometimes affects celerity. 240. 

 Examples of distant transmissions in U. S. 241. Advantages of 

 uniform organisation. 242. Uses of the electric telegraph. 

 243. Subject of dispatches. 214. Effect of the tariff. 245. 

 Uses of the telegraph in railway business. 246. Portable 

 railway telegraph. 247. Practical uses on railways. 248. Its 

 economical advantages .< .' . -. : * . . 65 



CHAP. XII. 249. Prevention of accidents. 250. Its uses in the 

 detection of crime. 251. Personal and domestic messages. 

 252. Electric news-rooms. 253. Telegraph extensively used in 

 the United States. 254. Much used for commerce. 255. Sums 

 paid for telegraphic dispatches by mercantile firms. 256. 

 Extensively used by American newspapers. 257. Illustration of 

 the utility for political purposes. 258. Illustrations of its 

 domestic and general use. 259. Secrecy of dispatches not gene- 

 rally sought for. 260. Verbal ciphers of mercantile firms. 

 261. Ciphers for newspaper reports. 262. Association of New 

 York journals. 263. Spirited enterprise of New York ' ' Herald.'' 

 264.' Use of electric telegraph in determining longitudes. 

 265. In producing horological uniformity . . . .81 



CHAP. XIII. 266. Signal time balls. 267. Electric connection of 

 observatories of Greenwich, Brussels, and Paris. 268. Uses of 

 electric telegraph in astronomical observations. 269. In 

 regulating the observatory clocks, 270. In fixing with pre- 

 cision the time of an astronomical phenomenon. 271. Telegraphic 

 lines of the United Kingdom. 272. Their extent in 1854. 

 273. Electric Telegraph Company. 274. Table of its lines, 

 stations, &c. 275. Present Tariff (1854) 97 



