TIME AND CHANGE 



out the element of time and we have before us a 

 spectacle more novel and startling than any ho- 

 cus-pocus or legerdemain that ever set the crowd 

 agape. 



In every form man has passed through, he left 

 behind some old member or power and took on some 

 new. He left his air-bladder and his gills and his fins 

 with the fishes; he got his lungs from the dipno- 

 ans, the precursors of the amphibians, and from 

 these last he got his four limbs; he left some part of 

 his anatomy with the reptile, and took something 

 in exchange, probably his flexible neck. Somewhere 

 along his line he picked up the four-chambered 

 heart, the warm blood, the placenta, the diaphragm, 

 the plantigrade foot, the mammary glands — indeed, 

 what has he not picked up on the long road of his 

 many transformations? He left some of his super- 

 fluous forty-four teeth with his ancestral quadru- 

 mana of Eocene times, and kept thirty-two. He 

 picked up his brain somewhere on the road, prob- 

 ably far back in Palaeozoic times, but how has he 

 developed and enlarged it, till it is now the one su- 

 preme thing in the world! His fear, his cunning, his 

 anger, his treachery, his hoggishness — all his ani- 

 mal passions — he brought with him from his animal 

 ancestors; but his moral and spiritual nature, his 

 altruism, his veneration, his religious emotions, 

 his aesthetic perceptions — have come to him as 

 a man, supplementing his lower nature, as it were, 



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