22 



in correlation with this are also the various forms of motives 

 and principles developed, which again create various forms of 

 emotional effects. 



The variation of emotional effects has consequently created 

 the various forms of gesture and sounds for the purpose of ex- 

 pression; each form of pose or gesture expresses more or less 

 emphatically the predominating emotional effect, whether it indi- 

 cates anger, love, contentment, depression in other words, the 

 feelings of pleasure and pain. 



Love is expressed when the male peacock, excited by conjugal 

 affections, poses to charm the female by showing her the splendor 

 of "his plumage. Anger is demonstrated thus : Attempt to take the 

 bone away from the dog, and he will demonstrate in a single pose 

 the effect of his prevailing disposition. Contentment : Watch the 

 cat, which, after having enjoyed her meal, will pose herself in a 

 passive way alongside of the lady of the house, which indicates 

 that she feels well satisfied with the present situation. Observe 

 the sparrow, sitting on the snow-covered ground, hungry and 

 frozen, in a shrunken attitude, pleading in a subdued voice for 

 subsistence he represents a true picture of depression. A group 

 of playful kittens will demonstrate the feeling of happiness in very 

 active manners. 



Moreover, if we look through the microscope and observe 

 these numberless diminutive beings of organic life in a single drop 

 of water in their chasing and exciting motions, should we not also 

 attribute for them emotional affections ? Anyhow, that emotional 

 effect, implying the motive and pleasant feeling, is to maintain 

 individuality. 



It is this very motive to maintain individuality which, subject 

 to the implied determining emotional effect pleasant feeling, ac- 

 quires explicitly, progressively, all stages of superior individuality ; 

 it represents individually an endless pathetical line, originating in 

 lives of modest form, running through all phases of organic life,, 

 till its climax culminates in man's supreme individuality. 



Now, coming again to the manifestation of gesture and poses, 

 the most emphatically demonstrated are observed in the order of 

 the vertebrate kingdom. The condition of organic life represents 

 a continuous struggle for existence and a race for objects, where 

 the minds of organic beings are scoping upon. Food and the 



