INTRODUCTION. 



The title, heading this work, is to signify the functions which 

 imply the principles by which the animal kingdom is enabled to 

 afford a perfect mutual understanding in the same manner as 

 language serves humanity. It seems not to be proper and avail- 

 able to name the subject "animal language," although these func- 

 tions, as it will be demonstrated hereafter, renders to the animal 

 the same service as language does to man. 



It is a prevailing opinion among the public that animals are 

 not endowed with the proper means in order to express and 

 demonstrate their feelings and motives to each other and estab- 

 lish an understanding to benefit their personal welfare. It is, 

 furthermore, erroneous to deny the animal world emotional and 

 spiritual faculties, because they are the very fundamental impul- 

 sive principles, which impel the individual to adapt and modify 

 the organic structure for the utility of demonstration in order 

 to express and reveal themselves to the outer world through 

 certain modified actions in a systematical manner. 



But we must bear in mind that the emotional and spiritual 

 principles of all organic beings are essentially alike; but their 

 nature of intensity is related to the rank and order to which that 

 individual belongs in the organic world. The intensity of impulse 

 of affection grows gradually and equally with the progress of 

 organic evolution ; that is, with the beginning of the rudest form 

 of organic life, through all phases, up to man. Of course, spiritu- 

 ality is attributed more to the higher orders in the organic king- 

 dom, especially to man ; though the pathetical principles are attrib- 

 uted to every organic being, because they constitute essentially 

 the fundamental basis of the psychological constitution. 



It must be pointed out here that the emotional principles, rep- 

 resenting the principles of individuality, imply the impulse to 

 reveal and express themselves and consequently induce the intel- 

 lect to exert available modes of demonstration on the physical plan, 

 through certain modified forms, such as gestures, poses and 



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