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that the fundamental basis of animal intercommunication and 

 their mutual understanding lies within the psychological consti- 

 tution, that is to say, that the dominating faculties of the soul, 

 intellectually and pathetically, essentially constitute the means 

 of intercourse and expression. According to the laws of life, 

 all organic beings are instinctively subjected to the prevailing 

 strong aversion against influences annoying their individual. 

 Moreover, the natural tendency of most every animal is, in order 

 to improve the welfare of its ideal existence, to maintain a sym- 

 pathetical connection, with which it is impelled to share existence, 

 as, for instance, in confinement. The sympathetical manifestation 

 to each other indicates logically: benevolence; therefore many 

 animals enter easily and subjectively the conditions of friend- 

 ship for the benefit of mutual welfare; and even if both repre- 

 sent individuals of extremely different species. 



Thus so formed friendship remains generally unbroken 

 during lifetime. Moreover, such allied heterogeneous indi- 

 viduals confer and understand each other harmoniously, although 

 their respective modes of demonstrative expression, as gestures, 

 sounds or poses, render very little service to each other and, 

 therefore, they are dependent on the ground of telepathetical 

 intercourse. Such manifestations, which frequently take place 

 and which daily can be observed, are a further proof that the 

 understanding among animals is essentially based on the 

 psychological ground and that the fundamental forms of under- 

 standing originate from the pathetical system of the individual 

 and the centre of its subconsciousness within. 



As a very remarkable manifestation of telepathetical under- 

 standing of an animal, I shall relate the following case. Mr. 

 Spelatus possessed a very loyal dog. Whenever he traveled 

 from home to Spelato, he left his dog at home. During all this 

 time the dog exhibited sadness and emotional depression and 

 rejected food. But a short time before his master was on his 

 way home, he became aroused and restless, and when the door 

 was opened he ran away and then shortly after he returned 

 home with his master. 



Another similar case. Mr. G. owned a blackbird which he 

 had trained to sing some melodies. He presented this bird to 

 his sister living several miles away. But every time when G. 



