66 PHYSIOGRAPHY. CLASS III. 



mina. They are difficultly inflammable, and burn without 

 smoke, flame, or bituminous smell, leaving a more or less 

 considerable earthy residue. 



3. The non-bituminous Mineral-coal is less frequent than 

 > the bituminous one. It very often occurs included in more 



ancient rocks ; but some varieties are found in secondary 

 strata. It is sometimes met with in veins traversing trap 

 rocks. 



4. The columnar coal is principally found on the Meissner 

 in Hessia, along with the conchoidal Glance-coal, forming 

 the uppermost division of a bed of bituminous wood, cover- 

 ed by basalt. It is said also to have been found in Dum- 

 friesshire, and other districts of Scotland. Besides the 

 Meissner, the conchoidal Glance-coal occurs at Schonfeld 

 near Frauenstein in Saxony ; in the neighbourhood of Spa ; 

 also in Ayrshire in Scotland, and in Staffordshire in Eng- 

 land. The slaty Glance-coal is found in considerable quan- 

 tity at Schonfeld ; also at Lischwitz near Gera in Saxony, 

 in Savoy, at Kongsberg in Norway, in the isle of Arran 

 and other places in Scotland, as, for instance, in the trap 

 rocks of the Calton hill near Edinburgh. 



5. On account of its difficult inflammability, the employ, 

 ment of the non-bituminous Mineral-coal is less general 

 than that of the bituminous one ; yet it has been used for 

 burning lime, in the process of refining iron, &c. 



6. The Mineral Charcoal seems to be most nearly allied 

 to the present species. It occurs in thin layers and mas- 

 sive specimens, of a very delicate columnar composition, 

 and presenting on that account a kind of silky lustre. It 

 is greyish-black or velvet-black, and inclosed in the varie- 

 ties of bituminous Mineral-coal, particularly slate-coal and 

 brown-coal. It occurs in many districts of Bohemia, Sax- 

 ony, Silesia, England, &c. At Voitsberg in Stiria it is very 

 plentiful in bituminous wood. 



