148 PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 



The first metatarsal, or metatarsal of the great toe, is 

 the largest and strongest ; the second is the longest, and 

 is wedged in between the internal and external cunei- 

 form bones, and articulates with the middle cuneiform ; 

 the fifth metatarsal presents the spine, a rough, pointed 

 process of bone, which projects outward and backward 

 from the base. 



THE PHALANGES. 



The_phalanges are fourteen in number, two for the 

 great toe, three for each of the four outer toes. They 

 are minute long bones. The distal row present at the 

 end of their plantar surfaces the pulp plates similar to 

 those on the phalanges of the hand. The metatarsal 

 bones and the phalanges are each developed by two 

 centres. 



The foot is thus seen to be composed of twenty-six 

 bones, fourteen phalanges, five metatarsal, and seven 

 tarsal. These bones are so formed and articulated as to 

 produce a convex superior surface, or dorsum, and a 

 concave plantar surface. The bones at the outer side of 

 the foot touch a plane, upon which they are placed at 

 nearly all points. The inner border is raised or arched. 

 The bones along the outer border of the foot are the os 

 calcis, cuboid, fifth metatarsal, and phalanges; those 

 along the inner border are the os calcis, astragalus, sca- 

 phoid, internal cuneiform, first metatarsal, and pha- 

 langes. The articulation between the astragalus and 

 scaphoid and os calcis and cuboid are on a line called 

 Chopart's, indicated by a plane passing directly in front 

 of the crest of the tibia, transverse to the long axis of 

 the foot. The tarso-metatarsal articulations are arranged 

 as follows : 



The first metatarsal articulates with the internal cunei- 

 form ; the second metatarsal articulates with the middle 



