THE BRAIN. 275 



than the brain of man ; but, in comparison with the 

 size of the nerves which come from the base, the human 

 brain is larger than any other. The proportions of the 

 gray to the white matter of the brain in man is relatively 

 many times greater than in any other creature ; and, as 

 the gray or vesicular matter is the generator of nerve- 

 force, whether expressed in mind, action, or in thought, 

 it indicates the immense superiority of the human brain. 

 The brain of the new-born male infant weighs about 

 twelve ounces ; that of the female, about ten ounces. It 

 increases rapidly in weight and size up to the seventh 

 year, slowly up to the twentieth, and continues to 

 increase in weight up to the fortieth year. The weight 

 of the cerebrum alone is forty-four ounces, the cerebellum 

 five ounces, the medulla and pons one ounce. The rela- 

 tion of the weight of the cerebellum to the cerebrum is 

 about as 1 to 8J. The specific gravity of the brain 

 entire is 1036, the white matter being a trifle the heavier. 

 The brain differs in weight and development in the dif- 

 ferent races, being greatest in the Xanthochroi, the highest 

 types of the white race, and least in the Negroids of New 

 Caledonia. As a general rule, the greater the develop- 

 ment and weight of the brain, the greater the intellectual 

 capacity of the individual. In examining the tables of 

 brain- weights of celebrated men, they indicate an aver- 

 age in excess of the general average weight, thus : 



Cromwell, .... weight, 82 ounces. 



Byron, .... " 79 " 



Cuvier, .... " 64 " 



Abercrombie, ... " 63 " 



Spurzheim, ... " 55 " 



Agassiz, .... " 53 " 



Webster, .... " 53 " 



On the other hand, a brain-weight in the white 

 adult of less than thirty-five ounces is generally asso- 



