16 Farmers' Bulletin 1208. 



This elm drops its leaves very early in the fall, but it comes into 

 leaf early in the spring. Because of its manner of branching it is 

 especially liable to splitting by heavy winds. This trouble may be 

 lessened by selecting specimens with a close, compact habit of growth 

 or possibly also by great care in training young trees. Two limbs 

 separating from one another by a very small angle, that is, when 

 they start to grow in nearly the same direction, make a crotch that 

 may split. Where two limbs separate at nearly a right angle or 

 where three or more limbs of about equal size grow from a common 

 point or very nearly so, the crotch is likely to be much stronger. 

 Careful pruning and training to provide a proper system of branches 

 may be especially helpful with this elm. 



Because of the attacks of the elm leaf -beetle 2 and the European 

 elm bark louse, 3 many handsome trees have been severely damaged 

 or killed before communities were properly equipped for fighting 

 them, but with careful spraying these insects may be kept in check. 

 On account of the existence of these pests and because they are 

 gradually spreading to new territory, tree planters should consider 

 carefully whether it is advisable to plant the elm. Where there is 

 no danger from these insects, it is one of the best of street trees. 

 Consultation with the nearest State agricultural experiment station 

 or with the Entomologist of the United States Department of Agri- 

 culture would be advisable before deciding to plant it. 



The best specimens are to be found in the northern part of region 

 10, although the elm is being grown all over the United States and 

 is proving a valuable street tree even in towns and villages of re- 

 gions where the rainfall is as low as 15 inches. It is not recom- 

 mended for planting in regions 3 and 5. 



The English elm is a tall, oval-headed, compact, handsome tree 

 (fig. 10) with leaves smaller than the American elm which stay on 

 much later in the fall. In regions 1 and 2 it is at its best, in the 

 former equaling the American elm and in the latter excelling it. It 

 also thrives in regions 3 and 10 and in the eastern part of region 11. 



The Huntingdon elm is a comparatively round-headed European 

 variety. It is a large, handsome tree with good foliage and is more 

 compact than the American elm. It succeeds well in regions 1, 2, 

 3, and 4. 



The wahoo, or winged elm, is native to the South Atlantic and 

 Gulf States near the ocean. It has larger leaves than the American 

 elm and is not as spreading in its growth, but it succeeds well on city 

 streets in regions 11, 12, and 13. 



1 Galerucella luteola Mull. (Data regarding insects furnished by the Bureau of Ento- 

 mology. ) 



* Oossypuria spuria Mod. 



