XI V] OLIVE AND GREEN TWIGS 111 



Pyrus torminalis, Rowan, Pyrus Sorbus, Cherry, Prunus 

 Avium, Birch, Hawthorn, Dogwood, Scots Pine, Spruce, 

 Ailanthus, Sweet Gale, Alder, Oak, Salix purpurea ; and 

 darker red-browns in Sea Buckthorn, Elceagnus, Coto- 

 neaster, Rhamnus catharticus ; paler, reddish browns in 

 Sweet Gale, Apple, Blackthorn, Birch, Sycamore, Rham- 

 nus Frangula, Salix aurita and Yew. The Bird Cherry 

 is frequently cherry-red-brown, and Pyrus Aria inclines 

 to red-olive-brown ; while violet-brown occurs in Sweet 

 Gale and Alder, and purple-brown in Salix repens, 

 Tamarisk and Apple. 



Grey-browns are common, and are met with in Black 

 and Canadian Poplars, Barberry, Rhamnus Frangula, 

 Gooseberry, Lilac, Rowan, Beech, Sambucus racemosa, 

 Scots Pine, Horse-chestnut, Beam, Maples, White Mul- 

 berry, Larch and Honeysuckles ; darker grey-browns, 

 passing towards slate-colour, in Tamarisk, Apple, Black- 

 thorn and Pear, until the shade is nearly black-brown in 

 Sweet Gale. 



The remarkable metallic golden-brown or bronze of 

 the Sea Buckthorn depends on the scale-like hairs 

 already referred to. 



Olive-browns are also not rare. Beginning with the 

 greenish browns of Daphne Mezereon, Laburnum, and 

 Salix pentandra, we get more decided olive-browns in 

 Bird Cherry, Pear, Beech, Quercus rubra y Hornbeam, 

 Hazel, Alder, Elms, Oak, White Poplar, Dogwood, Rhus 

 typhina, Salix viminalis, S. alba and S. fragilis, passing 

 to olive-grey-brown in Black Mulberry and olive-red- 

 brown in Acer platanoides. 



Returning now to the green tints of Sarothamnus, 

 Laburnum, Spindle Tree, Almond, Roses and Blackberry, 

 and characteristic of the shoots and twigs of evergreens 

 generally e.g. Holly, Furze, Cherry Laurel, Aucuba, 



