JUNIPER 



141 



which have three-pronged scales projecting from between 

 the ordinary scales. 



(b) Leaves crowded and scale-like or subulate, 

 opposite or in whorls of three. Buds very 

 small, green. Cones of very few scales. 



(i) Most or all of the leaves subulate, pungent, 

 spreading in whorls of three. Buds with 

 sharp-pointed leaf-scales in whorls of three. 

 Cones of few fleshy scales fused into a blue- 

 black " berry/' 



Juniperus communis, L. Juniper (Figs. 64 and 88). 

 Twigs green. Branches with 

 smooth reddish brown sur- 

 face, passing to grey -brown, 

 scaly bark. 



The bud is practically 

 a tuft of young lanceolate- 

 acuminate or almost subu- 

 late leaves, of which the 

 two outermost stand right 

 and left of the subtending 

 leaf. These are followed by 

 about three whorls of three 

 leaves each, each whorl alter- 

 nating, the first therefore 

 with its odd leaf next the 

 axis. Thus the bud is naked, its scales being true 

 leaves. 



Fig. 64. Bud of Juniper sub- 

 tended by the scar of the leaf in 

 whose axil it stands. It consists of 

 alternating whorls of three leaves 

 each. 



(ii) Leaves all small, short and scale-like, 

 closely crowded and appressed, in imbri- 

 cating opposite and decussate pairs. Cones 

 woody. 



