HORNBEAM 177 



the bud shows normal, plaited, stipulate leaves, densely 

 covered with silky pubescence, their inner faces turned 

 towards the axis of the bud. The position, mode of cover- 

 ing, &c., are similar to those of Castanea, Corylus and Tilia, 

 but with considerable differences in details of structure. 



The first two scales, right and left of a plane oblique 

 to the axis, are followed by distichous pairs of scales 

 alternately right and left, and so on until the leaves, also 

 distichous, appear. The spiral differs from that of Corylus 

 and Castanea. 



(ii) Buds only about 1 cm. long, oblong- 

 acuminate, and slightly angular, and much 

 more appressed to the slightly zig-zag twig. 



Carpinus Betulus, L. Hornbeam (Figs. 88 and 89 and 

 59 u). Besides being shorter and relatively fatter than 

 those of the Beech, the buds and shoots are somewhat 

 more pubescent, and the latter more olive. A second, 

 accessory bud frequently accompanies the primary one, 

 and may also put forth a shoot. Slight displacement of 

 the bud from the axil also occurs here. Scales stipular. 

 Twigs with scattered hairs, olive-brown, passing to dark 

 slaty grey branches. Lenticels distinct; pith angular. 

 Bud-scales brown, ciliate and pubescent at the tips. The 

 terminal bud usually aborted. Structure as in the Beech 

 but the spiral differs. 



w. i. 12 



