BITTERSWEET, ETC. 205 



(ii) Leaves neither spinescent nor evergreen, 

 (a) Leaves exstipulate. 



Solatium Dulcamara, L. The Bittersweet has the 

 majority of its leaves ovate-acute, cordate at the base, and 

 entire ; but they are often lobed at the base and hastate, 

 or tripartite, or have an odd auricle. See p. 304. 



(/3) Leaves stipulate. 



* Leaves broadly triangular ovate or pent- 

 agonal in form, and with pseudo-palmate 

 venation, the lower secondaries longest. 



t Leaves white-tomentose or hoary beneath, 

 at least while young; base not tapering or 

 decurrent. All the secondary veins passing 

 to the lobes. Shoots not thorny. 



Lobes triangular, acute, sharply serrate, 

 the lower longer and diverging. Older 

 leaves losing the tomentum. 



Pyrus torminalis, Ehrh. Service Tree (Figs. 62 and 

 63). Medium-sized tree. Leaf broadly ovate-deltoid, 

 ovate-rhomboid, or pentagonal oblong-ovate or cordate in 

 general contour, large, 6 12 (8 10 x 4 8) cm., and cut in 

 pinnate fashion into 5 7 or more large triangular teeth or 

 lobes, the lower of which diverge, giving the leaf a pseudo- 

 palmatifid appearance, an effect enhanced by the long 

 lower secondary ribs, which come off from the base with 

 the petiole. Lobes triangular acute or acuminate, sharply 

 serrate or bi-serrate, unequal, the lower larger and the 

 uppermost smaller and passing into teeth ; separated by 

 acute sinuses, the lower extending to near the middle. 

 Base plane or slightly cordate. Lamina firm, green, shining 

 and glabrescent or pubescent above, paler beneath and 

 pubescent, bluish, or greyish and white-tomentose ; especi- 



