900 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



Courtesy The Southern Pine Association. 



LONGLEAF PINE BOARDS 



Immense quantities of Longleaf pine are made into flooring, and manu- 

 facturers of window and door frames and of sash and doors draw 

 supplies of raw material liberally from this source. It finds place as 

 finish for kitchens, halls, libraries and sleeping apartments and is 

 made into stairs, railing, molding, spindles, balusters and newel posts 

 and also for the manufacture of furniture, cabinets and wardrobes. 



wick, Jacksonville, Pensacola, Mobile, Gulfport and New 

 Orleans, all figure as trade and export centers. 



According to the 13th and 13th Censuses, the value of 

 the naval stores produced in the different States in round 

 numbers was as follows: 



1910 1900 



Florida $12,000,000 $6,500,000 



Georgia 8,000,000 8,000,000 



Alabama 2,500,000 2,000,000 



Mississippi 1.500.000 1,500,000 



Louisiana 1,250,000 1,000,000 



North Carolina .... 750,000 1,000,000 



South Carolina .... 250.000 750,000 



Texas 200;00f} 



The value of the naval stores production for a serie-^ 

 of years as taken from the Census reports is as follows' 



1849 $ 2,855,657 



1859 6,468,369 



1869 3,585,369 



1879 5,585,369 



1889 8,077,379 



1899 20,344,888 



1909 25,295,017 



In 1909 the total production was 289,888,954 gallons 

 of turpentine, valued at $12,654,288, and 3,263,857 barrels 



of resin valued at $12,576,721. About 50 per cent of 

 the crop was exported. The amount of naval stores pro- 

 duced from other American trees is insignificant. 



WOOD TAR AS A IIV-PRODUCT 



Wood tar is produced from pine wood. The original 

 process was very primitive. Dry wood, often roots, 

 slumps and logging waste was piled in a pit which had 

 an underground opening. The pile was covered and 

 fired in the same manner as a charcoal pit, and as com- 

 bustion proceeded the tar flowed into the underground 

 opening and was collected in barrels. Pitch is obtained 

 by boiling down or burning wood tar. With the passing 

 of wooden ships and sailing vessels, the demand for tar 



Courtesy of the Manual Arts Press, 



LONGLEAF PINE BOARDS 



Board on left is quarter sawed, sawing having been done at right angles 

 to the annual rings. Board on right is bastard or tangential cut, 

 sawing having been done parallel with or tangential to annual rings. 



and pitch has fallen ofif. Today most of the pine tar is 

 used by destructive distillation in iron kilns. 



The collection of the crude resin, which is the raw 

 product from which resin and turpentine are made, was 

 originally carried on by digging holes in the ground at 

 the base of the trees and then gashing the trunks so that 

 the resin would flow from the wound into the hole. This 

 crude and wasteful method gave way to the system 

 known as "boxing," in which a hollow or "box" is cut 

 in the tree at its base and into which the resin flows from 

 the cut face above. This system, too, is wasteful, both 



