MODEL OF WASTE IN A LOGGING OPERATION 



Tbis photograph is one of a series cf five models prepared by the Forest Service for exhibition purposes to indicate the "Loss of Wood from the 

 Forest to the Consumer.'* The first model shows the trees growing in the forest, the contents of which in board measure was taken to be 100 

 per cent of 4r),000 feet. Tlie second model, sliown above, represents the "Logging operation." Here the trees referred to in the description 

 of the first model are shown as having been felled, with tops laid aside and logs piled. The waste here is in the tops and stumps, and has 

 been computed to represent together 13 per cent, or 5,954 board feet of the original trees, 87 per cent or 39,846 board feet of the original trees 

 being the contents in board measure of the logs secured in the operation. 



The Forest Service Exhibit 



By Don Carlos Ellis 



THE exhibit of the United States Forest Service 

 at the San Francisco' Exposition, which was 

 viewed by many thousands, was most valuable 

 in inii)arting a knowledge of forests and all they mean 

 to the people. The purpose of the display was to show, 

 first, the need of forest protection because of the value 

 of the forest to the health, wealth and beauty of the 

 country, and because of the great destruction of forests, 

 due to waste in use and to fire ; second, the results of 

 Forest Service investigations in the reduction of waste by 

 the use of better methods of manufacture and the making 

 of by-products, the preservative treatment of timber and 

 proper wood conditioning; third, the protection and 

 administration of the National Forests; fourth, that 

 these Forests arc very much used by the public; and 

 fifth, the nature of the most important of those uses. 



As the visitor entered the exhibit space from one of 

 the main entrances the flisplay which caught his eye was a 

 series of five models showing the progress of wood from 

 the forest through the sawmill and the planing mill to 

 the finished house and telling the waste of wood incident 

 to each step. This waste amounts to about (>'> per cent 

 of the original tree. Alongside these models was a 

 1110 



series of four models of a paper machine, a wood distilla- 

 tion plant, a woodworking factory, and a tannic extract 

 plant, bearing labels suggesting that much wood waste 

 can be utilized in the manufacture of such by-products 

 as paper, alcohol, acetate of lime, wood flour, acetone, 

 turpentine, rosin, tannic acid, and oxalic acid, and many 

 small wooden commodities. Above the case containing 

 these models was a frieze upon which many of these 

 commodities, the by-products which can be manufactured 

 from waste and specimens of the waste, were displayed. 

 The Forest Service has established a wood-waste ex- 

 change for bringing those having waste wood to dispose 

 of in touch with those who can use it. 



A miniature impact timber-testing machine was at 

 work upon a raised platform, beneath which were dis- 

 played timbers whose resistance to various kinds of stress 

 has been determined at the Forest Service laboratories. 

 Pictures of the various types of timber-testing machines 

 were placed at the ends of the table. 



An exhibit of special interest to lumbermen was a 

 Vvorking miniature of the humidity dry kiln used at the 

 Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, in 

 which both temperature and humidity can be controlled. 



